Posts tagged "photography"

Practical Jokes In The Home

Comon Guys! Give me ideas!! False Pregnancy Practical Joke –Bad Idea??

Okay, heres the deal, my boyfriend goes out of town alot for work. The state we live in, we don’t have stratch tickets, we can’t gamble so when he goes out of state, its a HUGE deal to get me scratch tickets. Well, he brought me some home, and I scratched and it showed that I won….$100,000! He told me to read the back and it said it was a practical joke!! So, I’m giving him PAYBACK!!! Where would I buy a fake pregnancy

Oh, honey, that’s NOTHING to play around with. Don’t give him a payback–I know you feel humiliated but it was just a joke after all. Pregnancy is NOT a joke. You demanded that he brings you back these tickets and he did. You asked for it.

A false pregnancy test could spell the end of your relationship. It’s a matter of trust. OK, so you trusted that you won the lottery. He probably got a good laugh over it. He won’t ever believe you again if you spring a false pregnancy on him. Be the bigger person and laugh about it. Payback is what teenagers do, not adults.

★ America’s Funniest home Videos part 70

Funny Practical Jokes For School

Help with a practical joke?

There’s this kid at my school who’s not the smartest guy in the world. That’s why I think that this would be so hilarious. The basic plan is to tell him that I can read his palm and then when I do it I tell him a bunch of funny and crazy stuff. Any suggestions for what to say (besides spitting in his hand and saying that he has a swimming pool)?
And if you don’t know what I’m talking about with the swimming pool thing, the basic idea is to tell him that he’s going to be rich, have a tennis court, that type of thing. Then spit in his hand and say “look! there’s your swimming pool!”
He already seems to like me… Unfortunately…

if he has someone he likes or a pritty girl from ur school. tell him if he started to act cool and gangster infrunt of her she will slowly like him. to bring the level up u can say that she likes something that normal people will think stupid or inbarersing and tell him to say to her that thing. if u don’t understand forget it, lol.

Practical Joke Snake Scare

Practical Jokes On Kids

So mommy’s I played a Practical joke on my husband now, he is mad. I thought it was funny!?

So maybe I was really mean but I was in a joking mood.
My husband and I currently have a 15 week old baby and she is the light of my life. My husband is REALLY content with one for “awhile”.

It’s good that you have a sense of humor! If you feel your husband was upset about the joke, can you find out why he was so upset? Maybe he was upset about something else that you were not aware of? If so, it will be good to find out why, and you two can discuss the real problem to make an improvement. Then, you can try to make the same joke again (just kidding!)

Fun Pranks for Kids: Jell-O Stapler, Diet Coke Explosion, and World’s Largest Butt

Practical Jokes Ecards

How to Choose a Funny Christmas Gift

We all expecting to receive gifts on birthday, New Year, Christmas, and other holidays, or “just because” without any special reason. In this article we will talk about how to choose a Christmas gift for a friend or loved one, that she/he would say that your gift is the best (not considering its price).

Firstly it is quite important to get information about the test and preferences of the person you want to make a gift to. Secondly to know if she/he is practical or idealistic person. And finally – what is a purpose of your gift: to give a good impression (what a beautiful thing or how expensive is it), to present a gift which has a practical usage or something the person where dreaming about (toaster, motobyke, house etc) or to make her/him laugh (for example, life jackets including a humorous Christmas cards with a title inside, for instant “for the future yacht, let all your dreams to come true, Merry Christmas to you!”, or lets say, pink glasses with a note in funny Christmas cards “Please, put on right glasses – see, Life is not as bad as it seemed before, Merry Christmas!”).

Funny Christmas gifts are ordinary things which can make you smile. Even a small inexpensive thing can be a great gift – it depends on a person you present a gift to and the way you do it. There are many options yet and so many choices. Just make sure the person will understand your humor!

So, how to present gifts in the right way… For humorous gifts you need a funny photo Christmas card (for, instant you can get it from a shop with Christmas staff) or printable Christmas cards which you can find on the website even free of charge where you’ll write your funny Christmas wishes (jokes). Christmas jokes and wishes also you can find in Internet or to think out by yourself. Having proper photo Christmas cards you can make ordinary things to get unordinary meanings. For example – gifting clock/alarm/watch you can write in Christmas greeting card following expression: “Benjamin Franklin said: Time Is Money, so now you will watch a time and will make lots of money!” or presenting a wallet point out that “Famous George Bernard Shaw said: Money has a tendency to reproduce themselves – then this wallet definitely will stimulate them to do it. Besides, there are lots of funny animated Christmas cards with ready fun, jokes, so you can make your pals laugh even before you come to visit him/her.

But I would like to give one warning: sociologists determined that most women do not like funny gifts, not because they don’t have a sense of humor… But why? It will be in my next article!

Merry Christmas, everyone!

About the Author

You can visit my website to get some free Christmas cards or

Printable Christmas cards
or
animated Christmas cards

Easy Pranks For Kids

Beat Prank Callers And Stalkers With Reverse Telephone Search!

Chances are, we have all had a few prank calls. Usually kids looking for a little fun. However, sometimes, that innocent (if annoying fun) turns into something more sinister.

Cyber stalking, internet harassment, and harassment via cell phones, including text messages, is becoming more and more prevalent. The problem is that these modern technologies all offer anonymity to the perpetrator, making it easy for them to make your life miserable!

Fortunately, new technology like reverse telephone search services are making it a little easier for us to protect ourselves, but the statistics are nonetheless scary. Research shows that a million men and women are victims of online and telephone stalking. That is eight percent of women, and two percent of men.

How to Stop a Stalker

Cyber stalkers find out every piece of information on you via the internet, and other means. They will continue to harass you, and the harassment will escalate, as long as you allow it to. Take action, including the following:

• Minimize the amount of information you put online.

• Never include your telephone number, or address.

• Make social networking and other sites private, viewable only to friends.

• Avoid posting pictures of yourself online.

• Make sure your internet security is up to date.

• Request that your number be unlisted, and remove it from any directories, online or off.

• Use an alternative number when you have no choice but to give out your phone number, whether online or off. Do the same with your email address.

• Report prank call or stalking incidents to the police.

• If your caller calls from a number that you can check, run a reverse telephone search and identify them immediately.

• Keep detailed records of any incidents. This will help if your stalker is prosecuted, or you decide to get a restraining order.

These are just a few of the key points to remember. Of course, if the stalking is via phone, or escalates to include telephone contact, make sure you run a reverse telephone search – that should make it a little easier to identify and take action against your harasser!

Stalking is Serious

While the majority of harassment via phone or internet never reaches life or death proportions, there are incidents where people are injured or even killed by their stalker. Taking this kind of harassment seriously, and contacting the authorities, making physical security provisions, such as carrying pepper spray or taking a self defense calls all help.

Make sure you identify your stalker by running a reverse phone search, and if that does not work, request that authorities put a trace on your phone line.

The bottom line is, we all need to start being more conscious of our security, online and off. Blithely handing out details like addresses and telephone numbers online opens us up to online and offline stalking, and can make our lives very unpleasant indeed! Take an active stand in making sure you do not become the victim of a stalker, and if you do, that you resolve the issue quickly, before it escalates!

About the Author

To access the easiest to use tool to do a Reverse Telephone Search all you have to do is Click Here

Easy Office Tricks & Pranks : How to Make a Pencil Float

R.L. Stine’s The Haunting Hour: Don’t Think About It $2.99 …

How To Make Pranks At Home

How do i make my brother not tell my parents that i made him mad?

I pulled a prank on my brother, i used my BB gun to shoot a blank at him, all i did was shoot compressed air, and he’s gonna tell my parents that i shot him when they get home on Wednesday, what should i do?

get ready to have your gun taken away for a loooong time. Only point a gun, any gun, at what you intend to kill (and eat).

“Do Try This @ Home 2010″ – Episode 5 – “April Fools!”

Comic Queen Bee

Comic Queen Bee
Charactes need bee as the Comics (queen)?

comics, TV, etc i know Darkstalkers Q-Bee Zazzala, Beatriz and Tazzala of Legion of Doom that girl from the Teen Titans and Maya

… It is not the honey nut cherie

Comic Queen Bee

Barbara Gordon

Publication history
Batgirl (19661988)
Early Million Dollar Batgirl. Carmine Infantino and Murphy Anderson cover.
Editor Julius Schwartz said that when the comic started planning the new Batgirl, who had seen the character of being a vehicle which could attract a female audience of the television series Batman of the sixties. When producers William Dozier and Howie Horowitz saw art brut by Carmine Infantino concept of the artist during a visit to the offices of the DC, who sent the character in an attempt to help sell a third season the ABC television network. Actress Yvonne Craig played the character of the third season of the series. When questioned his involvement in the creation of Batgirl States Infantino
Batgirl emerged in the mid 60s. The TV producer called Atman Catwoman Julie and was a success, could reach more female characters? Julie called me and asked me to do. It occurred to me Batgirl, Poison Ivy, and I called the fox, Julie Do not like it so much. Bob Kane had a Bat-Girl for about three floors in the 50s, but had not anything to do with a bat. It was like an annoying girl version of Robin. I knew we could do much better if Julie and I thought that the Real Batgirl, who has been so popular that almost got his own TV show.
Barbara Gordon and Batgirl's alter ego in his debut Detective Comics # 359 (dated 1967, although the comic was actually published in late 1966) that the daughter of Police Commissioner James Gordon of Gotham City. Batgirl Barbara Gordon was preceded by a Previous Bat-Girl, who was represented as a niece and companion of Batwoman. Gordon overcame the previous figures in popularity, and asked readers of its appearing in other titles. In an open letter to readers in Detective Comics # 417 (1971), DC has responded with cheers and fan-base criticism of the new character:
I would like to say a few words about the reaction of some readers that Batgirl. It is the readers who remember another year Batwoman and Bat-girls there … They were there because the novel seems to be necessary in the life of Batman. But Thank you for the great change and an editor of foresight, these unfortunate women have disappeared forever. In its place is a girl who is likely a crime-fighter, far from Batwoman who constantly had to be rescued by Batman.
Yvonne Craig reading Detective Comics # 359.
After the debut of the comic Barbara Gordon Craig has also promoted the incarnation of the cartoon character. The actress appears in the reading of his comic AVOURITES picture of all time, "The Million Dollar debut of Batgirl. While the actress Yvonne Craig as Batgirl appeared each week in the new season Batman, DC Comics Batgirl appears on the first several pages of Detective Comics, often shadow of Batman and Robin to promote the new hero. On the cover of Detective Comics # 369 Batman Batgirl Robin argues that the partner should.
Batgirl became a happy departure of tortured characters of Batman and Robin, represented by the fight against crime to avenge the death their parents. Gordon motivation to fight against crime has been written as a completely altruistic and, unlike Batwoman and Bat-Girl, independent of a super-hero male. In his civilian identity, Dr. Barbara Gordon Ph.D. Not only represented as an independent woman with a doctorate in library science is the chief Gotham City Public Library, "probably one of the largest public libraries in the DC Comics version of reality." Civilian career as professional nature of the library, with his alter ego as fighting crime is seen as symbolic of women's empowerment years 1960.
Batgirl continued to appear in publications from DC Comics through the sixties and seventies as a minor character in Detective Comics in addition to appearances in such titles as Justice League of America, World's Finest Comics, the brave and the bold, Action Comics and Superman. The character was also given a prominent role in DC Comics Batman Family, which premiered in 1975. The original Robin Dick Grayson became his co-star and the two often refers like dynamite "Duo: Batgirl and Robin." Although this series ended after three years of publication, Batgirl continued to appear in the backups stories published in Detective Comics, DC until his retirement officially the hero of the comic one-shot Batgirl Special # 1 (July 1988). Same though now retired, Barbara Gordon incarnation as Batgirl remains one of the most popular, high-profile Silver Age of comics.
Batman: The Joke Matar (1988)
Main article: Batman: The Killing Joke
The criticism hurts Barbara Gordon Joker in Batman: The Killing Joke.
In this graphic novel The Joker shoots and paralyzes Barbara, in an attempt to attract the attention of Batman. Although the events of The Killing Joke have a great impact on the character, history has little to do with it. It is the form of a plot to build a vendetta against Commissioner Gordon and Batman Joker (See women in refrigerators). Critical reception killing the joke has been mixed, while some commentators have been appalled by treatment of Barbara Gordon, others have considered the Killing Joke as one of the greatest Batman stories of all time.
Despite writing Moore, Valerie D'Orazio, a former editor of Comics DC Comics and Acclaim, has denounced the book, saying that "Did not the prospect of a woman in mind. It does not take into account that some women can be just as disgusted with the book [and] what happens Barbara Gordon in it. "In response, Laura Hudson, editor of Comic Foundry comments" disgusted youe guess what happens because Barbara Gordon … disgusting … As a woman and as an adult, I can deal with fictional characters commit reprehensible acts against women … When it is obvious they are not used for free, but at its end, because I think they were in The Killing Joke, it exactly what they should do. "After the launch of the graphic novel, comics editor and writer Kim Yale discussed how unpleasant met the treatment of Barbara Gordon and her husband, writer John Ostrander comic. Instead of letting the character to fall into oblivion, the two decided revive a person living with a disability.
Oracle (1988resent)
Ostrander and Yale has overseen the development of new personality Barbara Gordon as Oracle for years to come. The character first appeared in comics such as Oracle in Suicide Squad # 23, anonymous offer its services to the task X Effective government in the next two years, Oracle, penned by Ostrander and Yale, he made appearances in various DC titles until his identity was revealed to Barbara Gordon in Suicide Squad # 38 (1990) and it becomes a member of the brigade, at No. 48 following a invitation Amanda Waller. In 1992, Dennis Eye Barbara Gordon Oracle role in Batman: Sword of Azrael # 1, where he became the only source of information on Batman. This new partnership forged state ORACLE as the intellectual equal of Batman.
Chuck Dixon The success of Black Canary / Oracle: Birds of Prey (1996) has led to the comic series Birds of prey with the two characters. Kim Yale and John Ostrander said the source Oracle Oracle: Year One " an arc contained in Batman Chronicles # 5. Since the launch of Birds of Prey, the Oracle character has become a high level character in the DC Comics universe – go beyond their family ties with Batman and forge alliances with groups like the Justice League of America. Gail Simone took over as writer of Birds of prey with issue # 56, taking the series in a "bold new direction! In an interview with columnist Jennifer Contino, Simone explains her love of Barbara Gordon
Kim Yale and John Ostrander included characters and became a leading operator and a brilliant team of the most fascinating band drawn. From there, Chuck Dixon has done wonderful things with it in his Birds of Prey run … It is really cool, because even sitting on a chair in a room dark in itself, extremely convincing. DCU without it would be a lot less interesting.
During the history of character, intelligence, Barbara Gordon was one of the defining attributes of the character. According to BusinessWeek, Oracle seems to be one of the top ten superhero fiction the most intelligent appearing in American comics, and is the only female character that appears in the list.
a critical review and editorial
Despite the creation of the character of Gordon as Oracle, some observers have pointed to the mobility of the character to restore. Following Batman The Killing Joke and character development later and Oracle, Barbara Gordon in Batman: Gotham Knights Ray Tate, a candidate on the ballot Comics, wrote:
Let us on the first form. There is absolutely no reason why Barbara Gordon should be in a wheelchair. Alan Moore and Brian Bolland meant The Joke murder as an imaginary narrative dealing with the iconography of Batman and the Joker. . . . [Batman himself] a certifiable genius in biochemistry. The examples are countless Batman employment is only theoretical in their fight against crime. His knowledge of stem cell technology to overcome the real world. There Barbara Gordon simply not right to be confined to a wheelchair.
As regards the representation of Gordon as a character living with a disability, and its effectiveness as a hero from his incarnation as Batgirl, Tate reviews
It is ridiculous to think that someone wakes thinking how lucky he is confined to a wheelchair, and yet the attitude of CC and especially among the fans is that Oracle is the best character Batgirl because of their disability. Garbage. Batgirl fought more crimes and do more to help Batman Batgirl is Oracle. Batgirl has saved the life of Batman on several occasions. Oracle does not. Barbara in this incarnation is not a bad character, but it is preferable, because it does not hunt at night in the cape and hood.
In counterpoint, Joey Esposito, a writer Craveonline says:
It's a difficult question nut to crack because it's a Catch-22 in almost every point of view. One could say that the healing Barbara and it can take time Batgirl, let him make a good fight more crime than I have ever been in a wheelchair stock, but then you look insensitive to the capacity and usefulness in other functions such as Oracle. However, one could say that the elimination Barbara from her wheelchair radically changes its character, but he did not indicate that it is a distinct character by their disability? This raises the question why so many fans love it: because it is a bold leader rivaling the calculator in your brain? Or is it because is all that, but trapped in a wheelchair? Consider the question, and certainly many of you find an answer you do not like.
Alex Ross and Paul Dini have been attempts to return to the character of its original design. Ross said in an interview:
Paul Dini had this idea to Barbara Gordon in the pit of reviving Lazarus. . . . I thought it was a great idea, and then launched the Batman editor Denny O'Neil these drawings of costume design. The idea of using red instead of yellow traditional desire to build on the idea that just Lazarus Pit was a bit more complicated as a character … And … which came anywhere. Denny is down, because, he says, everyone loves Barbara Gordon as Oracle and as a person with reduced mobility. The theory was that DC did not have enough people with disabilities, so that will not do something with Barbara as she is. And the design has been in the drawer.
Kate Kane, the Batwoman is modern in 52 years is a variant of Gordon's Batgirl costume designed by Ross. Some argue that the character Barbara Gordon offers a better service to DC Comics and its readers in its current state, regardless of events that led to the creation of Oracle. Vice President Dan DiDio, DC comments, "Some stories are so strong … they cancel to be a crime. DCU is a lesser place without the sacrifice of [former Flash Barry Allen], or the paralysis of Barbara in the hands of the Joker. "(But death DiDio defeated Flash Gordon, but no paralysis.) While the critical reception of the evolution of Oracle Barbara Gordon have been mixed among critics and other observers, by John Ostrander, "We have, over the years, the occasions I have worked with the character, has received letters from those who have a disability band or another, and all have been very favorable. I am very proud of my role in the creation of Oracle. "Ostrander has also about the value of Oracle for both DC Comics and its fan base:
What makes the success of the most remarkable character of Oracle launched at a time when dark heroes with big guns have been the decision of the day. Without fanfare, Barbara Gordon became the most popular with disabled since Charles Xavier. In fact, the nature of Oracle as a superhero with a disability and a model is almost never mentioned by the company or the fans … There was an idea of her being a model, I think … We wanted to address what had happened and she become, in many respects more effective than ever that Oracle Batgirl. And we knew that other people with disabilities can look and feel good to read about it … I do not think people dance "around" her disability, she does not focus on them, but of character. They should not be stories about a person disabilities, but they are stories about a fascinating character who happens to be convincing in a wheelchair and I think is fair. Barbara is disability, there is more than that.
Similarly, the chapter James B. South "s" Barbara Gordon and moral perfectionism "in the book Superheroes and Philosophy, 2004 discusses how changes in the life of Barbara "Batgirl to Oracle librarian" unit to pursue a higher being, for illustrate the philosophical theory of moral perfectionism.
fictional character
Silver Age
Barbara Gordon Batgirl design classic designed by Kevin Nowlan.
In his original adventures for the Silver Age of comics, Batgirl is depicted as a librarian by day and a fighter Crime animated by night. In the history of its beginnings, en route to a costume party dressed as a female version of Batman, Barbara Gordon is involved in an attempt to kidnap Bruce Wayne by the murderous evil of ringworm, which attracts the attention of the Dark Knight and his career fighting against crime. After a handful of appearances in the stories of Batman, gave his own backing band in Detective Comics. The character was significantly materialize, with version timid mouse, Barbara Gordon bookworm way to a more modern, the character of trust. Stripped of his glasses and bun plain-Jane, Barbara dates a succession of boyfriends, including Vietnam veteran has private investigator Jason Bard. In addition to his appearances in Detective Comics and the two Batman, Batgirl made a special appearance at the World's Finest Comics # 169 (1967) where he met Superman, Supergirl, Bat-Mite and Mxyzptlk by first time. She is also fighting alongside the Justice League of America against the infamous queen bees. Supergirl and Batgirl meet again in Adventure Comics # 381 (1969) when the two separately heroes of a band of female criminals.
Their stories seem backup sporadically in Detective Comics until mid-1970. Although sometimes associated with Robin, who works mostly with Jason Bard, a veteran of the war Vietnam with a knee injury that becomes a chronic disease detective. Bard is also a story of love Barbara. Batgirl reveals his secret identity his father (who had already discovered on your own), and serves as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives. She moved to Washington, DC with the intent to abandon his career as Batgirl, and in June 1972, appeared in a story entitled "The case of the latest Batgirl. Editor Julius Schwartz took her back a year later in Superman # 268 (1973), in which she has a rendezvous with Clark Kent blindly, setting their friendship, and fighting alongside Superman. Batgirl and Superman meet twice more, in Superman # 279 and DC Comics Presents # 19. Batgirl also guest star on other related titles such as Superman # 453 comic strip adventure, and Superman # 171 families, where teams with Supergirl.
Bronze Age
In 1975, DC Comics created the Batman family, which lasted 20 issues before the end to allow his characters to be added below the title Indicator DC "Detective Comics. Batgirl was a key feature in the book, often teamed with Robin. Batwoman Batgirl in Batman Family # 10 meeting, at the return of retired superheroes briefly in the fight against crime (before Kane was killed by the Tiger bronze). The fight two Killer Moth and Caballero, and learn more about the secret identity of others. When the family finally Batman in the number 20 stories about these characters have been merged with Detective Comics, starting with issue # 481 in 1979 and continued his adventures he Batgirl. Same after the "Batman Family" function left Detective Comics, Batgirl following stories appear regularly in major and minor number across # 519 (October 1982).
Crisis on Infinite Earths, a mini-series limited published in 1985, was written to reduce the complex history DC Comics continuity only. While Batgirl is a character appears, their role is relatively low, offering praise Supergirl at the end of the story. The conclusion of Crisis on Infinite Earths DC Universe continuity changed in many ways. After rebooting, Barbara Gordon was born to Roger and Thelma Gordon and she is the niece of Jim Gordon / adopted daughter in the present canon.
Post-Crisis, Supergirl does not reach the Earth after Oracle has Gordon imposed as many adventures he shares with retroactive Batgirl now described as having lived Girl Power. In Secret Origins # 20: Batgirl and the Golden Age Dr. Mid-Nite (1987), Barbara Gordon was revived by the original author Barbara Randal. In history, Gordon tells the serial events leading to his career as Batgirl, including his first encounter with Batman as a child, studying martial arts under the tutelage of a Master, memorizing maps and plans of the city, standing in the academic world to skip grades, and pushing to become a sports star.
Modern Age: Output Batgirl, including Oracle
The Modern Age Comics was no significant change in the industry of comics that characters became dark and psychologically complex, leaving age gay issues earlier. After his series of back-up stories ended, Barbara Gordon Batgirl continued, but increasingly feel insignificant in a world full of heroes with super powers. After the capture of cormorants in Batgirl Special # 1 (1988), Gordon Batgirl character removed. In Batman: The Killing Joke (1988), the Joker shoots Barbara intends to go to his father James Gordon into madness by forcing him to see a series of nude photos of Barbara in a degrading state and tortured. The bullet broke his spine, his legs permanently paralyzed. Gordon is devastated to learn the extent of his injuries, as well as his ally and lover leave Dick Grayson, The Original Robin, who was then known as the Nightwing. This has also led Barbara to develop an intense obsession with the Clown Prince of Crime, as is evident in the last arc of laughter, as She repeatedly prison hacks followed the Joker and even argues with Grayson that he should make an exception assassination of Harlequin of hate.
Initially paralysis Gordon dives into a state of reactive depression. However, he soon realizes that their ability to information and education Science gave him a great skill that can be deployed to fight against crime. In a world increasingly focused on technology and information, who has a genius level intelligence, photographic memory, knowledge of computers and electronic equipment, the skills of experts As a hacker, and postgraduate degrees in library science. One night, Gordon has a dream in which a woman who knows everything (similar to the oracle Delphi in Greek mythology) has its own face, that when adopting the "Oracle" as his code name. It serves as an information broker, gathering and dissemination of information to public bodies and members of the community of super-heroes. In "Oracle: Year One, Oracle also provides training under the tutelage of Richard Dragon, one of the best martial artists from DC, participating in combat (with Eskrima) from his wheelchair. Develops the upper body strength and skills addressed two firearms and Batarang. In his second appearance as a pirate in the world of DC Comics, 12 appears Oracle in the mini-series "The theme Hacker Files (1993).
In 2003, comic book writer Scott Beatty and Chuck Dixon revised with original Batgirl Barbara Gordon Miniseries: Year One. Gordon is a gifted child who graduated from high school to start, but he first wants to join law enforcement instead of vigilance in the previous myths of origin.
Birds of Prey
Main article: Birds of Prey (comic)
Coverage Birds of Prey: spirits as Oracle, Black Canary and Huntress. Author Gail Simone and artist Ed Benes.
After his paralysis and recovery depression, based Oracle Birds of Prey, a team of heroes, which is used as agents and members of the extended team of Batman. After his success with Girl Power Association, Oracle then joined the superhero Black Canary. During the serial Chuck Dixon Hunt for Oracle, Barbara Gordon and Dinah Lance in person and establish a long-term friendship. They form the nucleus of birds of prey organization. While serving as head of the Oracle database, is Black Canary become his field agent employed full time.
During the 2004 crossover event War Games, Black Mask takes over computers and satellites and Oracle is involved in a death struggle with Batman. To avoid Batman kill his opponent, Oracle starts around the clock self-destruct sequence, leading Batman back instead of continuing the battle. This results in the destruction of the house of Gordon and sits on the clock tower. Subsequently, Oracle decides prosecute, and that the whole city of Gotham. He cut his ties with Batman, and after a tour of the temporal world, with his team, he moved to Metropolis.
In the event that includes Gail Simone Birds of Prey: Between dusk and dawn (2005), and birds of prey: the battle (2005), is owned by Oracle the villain, Brainiac entity artificial intelligence, to become a biological being. Even if Oracle prevails Brainiac and expelled from his body, transmitted viruses developed, it is still in his absence. The virus causes of cyber accessories on continuously throughout the body. Oracle develops skills that you can physically interact cyberpathic information systems with the computer. Despite the loss of these skills after the virus becomes Inactive after an operation by Dr. Mid-Nite, she discovers that he can move his toes. However, this appears to be of short duration, Gordon is still paralyzed.
Oracle as it seems to be infected by Brainiac. Art by Adriana Melo.
During the entire company crossover Infinite Crisis (2005), teams with Oracle in the Martian Manhunter Metropolis coordinate a global fight against infiltration secret society. The novel renewed between Barbara Gordon and Dick Grayson is interrupted by the Infinite Crisis story. Where continuity jumps DC A year later after the events of Infinite Crisis, Oracle and his team continue to work in Metropolis. Oracle is working with Batman, but not regularly as before. Oracle continues the first birds of prey, and expands the ranks of the operation. In Birds of Prey # 99, left the Black Canary and Huntress team becomes the field of de facto team leader, while Big Barda, noted in the heaviest of the group, with a bigger hitter, the rotation list, Oracle is also making a comeback attempt to forge an alliance with Power Girl However, when invited Oracle to return to the team, she says she will "when hell freezes over." In "Whitewater" story arc last Gail Simone Birds of Prey (2007), Oracle and its struggle for power equipment with Spy Smasher, a government agent who has taken on the birds of prey organization. Over time, Spy Smasher is forced to admit defeat and returns control to the Birds of Prey Oracle organization. At the end of the arc, Oracle also adopts Misfit in birds of prey.
Barbara Gordon has also been linked romantically with Dick Grayson aka Nightwing. At an early age who shared a love of Robin and Batgirl. Nightwing was surprised and disturbed to learn of the effects of Killing Joke resulting in the paralysis of Barbara. After the events of No Man's Land, two fall in love. Before the Infinite Crisis, Nightwing drops to one knee and proposed. Barbara agrees with tears in his eyes. When Nightwing asks Batman to help to rediscover itself, Dick can not decide because of its commitment to Barbara. She lets him go, saying they were not ready for marriage. Before Dick leaves, it sends a self-engagement ring and image them together as Robin and Batgirl.
In the event one year later, Cassandra Cain (Batgirl fourth) took charge of the Company of the murderers and killed several. Revealed later [when?] What Cassandra was under the control of his father and Deathstroke and David was released by fighting Robin toxin. Cassandra wants to kill his father and Deathstroke following events. While looking for them in the Batcomputer, Cassandra is interrupted by Oracle, which claims Cassandra knows what it is in place, but do not try to stop it. However, Oracle offers to remove all records of access to the computer Cassandra, but Nightwing discovers, facing Oracle, and leaves angry later. After Cassandra and two of his friends and the school raid Deathstroke Cain Cassandra Cain and Deathstroke shows that try to kill Oracle. Cassandra takes a Batwing and flies to the Oracle database operations, where he confronts and beats his father one-on-one combat.
Countdown (2007), Oracle Question and Batwoman sent to capture Trickster and Piper after her role in the murder of Flash. She strives to maintain the identity of the hero of the world, it is stolen and coordinates the response a global crisis created by the computer, a hacker evil and information broker. At number 5 of the comic series The All-New Booster Gold (2007) the hero of the title was set out to travel in time to avoid a "tragedy that should never happen discovers the Joker shooting and paralyzing Barbara Gordon, Batgirl. "Booster Gold Although several attempts to prevent the events that took place in Batman: The Killing Joke ultimately fails and Barbara Gordon chronological story remains the same.
Final Crisis and the Battle for the hood
In the history of Final Crisis, Darkseid, who finally took control of the equation of the struggle against life trying to put the equation of mind control on the Internet. Mister Fantastic Oracle and make desperate attempts Darkseid to stop even trying to shut down the entire Internet. Unfortunately, both can not hit and the late blind slaves of Darkseid.
Released Darkseid after restoration of control the multiverse, try to stop criminal Unternet his counterpart, the calculator as a free replacement of Darkseid for the Internet and still regularly used by tech-savvy criminals. However, the calculator, preventing their movement, took control of the new% Kilger acquire the ability to thrive in cyberspace through the control computer and digital avatars, and Oracle stalks with their new powers. Same if Oracle plates, begins to doubt his abilities and it fears losing its advantage and brightness, resulting in the dissolution of the Birds of Prey team to an examination of conscience.
After the events of Batman RIP and Final Crisis, Oracle is returned to Gotham, and even birds of prey are dissolved, continues to call for help of Nightwing and Robin deal with the increasing crime in Gotham.
Calculator plans finally materialized, and Kuttler, hope to save his daughter Wendy died acquired the nickname of Babbage and begins to haunt the world of digital high-Viva, a virtual world to the fragments of the Anti-Life Equation Darkseid triggered.
Oracle, now lives in a condo in ruins in Gotham, you realize when Cheesefiend activities Kuttler, one of his informants, was brutally murdered in the equation of the struggle against the EFA itself, then being in contact with Babbage.
In hopes of ending the calculator and prevent it from collecting the fragments of the anti-life equation in its possession, Oracle went to Hong Kong, hoping to fly back to through an advanced supercomputer programmed to follow the data segment left by Babbage. However, the calculator reveals his intentions, vowing revenge her.
It overcomes the simulator, hardening of parts of the anti-life equation.
Working with Leslie Thompkins, Barbara began Mentor calculator daughter, Wendy, who was paralyzed after an attack on Titans Tower, which claimed the life of his brother Marvin. Recently it came to the attention Barbara (Thanks to Dick Grayson) as Cassandra Cain once again condemned the role of Batgirl, and was replaced by Stephanie Brown. Yet, like Stephanie as an impulsive young deter Batgirl Barbara. When a new drug called entertainment "Thrill" is hitting streets of Gotham, Barbara and Stephanie work together to stop drug trafficking is discovered to be executed by the scarecrows and the Black Mask. After Scarecrow defeated Stephanie and proved their value and maturity, gives Stephanie Barbara Batgirl costume was designed using the pretext of Barbara. Barbara also has an adjunct professorship at the University of Gotham.
After Dick Barbara discovers that Stephanie has been approved as Batgirl, he and Barbara had an intense discussion Barbara decision finally left to resume his patrol in the city. His father tried to establish a blind date with the hiring of new Gotham City PD Barbara Costa, Detective Nicholas Gage. After finally meeting there was a lack of communication between Both: Barbara thought the detective as a discrimination against them because of their disability, but in reality, because the meaning Gage Barbara wants to be with someone other (Dick Grayson). His instincts prove something true, Dick and Barbara and start working together in a kidnapping case, and despite an attitude at the beginning, begin to flirt, playfully, as if the habit.
Oracle also has web design contributes to its dedicated website, enabling people worldwide to contact him for help.
The darkest night
During the night, plus Dark, Green Lantern Batsignal hangs after a struggle with the Black Lantern Martian Manhunter. Barbara and Commissioner Gordon are present. Origins and Omens suggestions towards participation in the conspiracy. After sending Intel superhero Green Lantern every community across the world of the Black Lantern, the Gordons are attacked by members of the original Dark Knight died gallery criminals who are caught by the Black Lantern Corps, Barbara and her father are forced to fight for their lives to attend the Black Lanterns are slaughtering everyone in sight Gotham Central. During the crisis, is owned by Barbara Deadman, the channel Barbara and athletic ability with his own seemingly supernatural ability to you can stand to save Commissioner Gordon from the resumption King Snake Trigger Twins. After being rescued by Batman, Robin and Red Robin, the evening Gordons attacked by Batman and Robin with their parents Rojas rescue, recovery and Graysons Drakes. Although Grayson and Drake the fight against the Black Lantern, Robin Gordon is the Alfred's underground base he tends to her wounds and her father.
Novel
Barbara Gordon has been linked romantically to Dick Grayson, aka Nightwing. At age Early who shared their passion, Robin and Batgirl. Nightwing was surprised and disturbed to learn of the effects of Killing Joke, which causes paralysis Barbara. After the events of No Man's Land, the two fall in love. Before the Infinite Crisis, Nightwing falls on one knee and proposed. Barbara agrees with tears in his eyes. During the crisis, Grayson was surprised by the raw power and took care of Barbara weapons. When Batman Nightwing asks for help to find, Dick can not decide because of its commitment to Barbara. She lets him go, saying they were not ready for marriage. Dick sends ring Engagement with a picture of themselves as Robin and Batgirl, promising to return when the time came.
Both show the true romantic love to another, but not as a couple more. Grayson is meeting with the JLA with Starfire, however, a number of recent Titans said that Dick Because of its past relationship with her. Barbara's father began trying to champion a young policeman who just transferred from the Ciudad de la Costa, Nicholas Gage, but apparently more interested in the new Batgirl (Stephanie Brown).
Another was a brief affair with Jason Bard, his ex-girlfriend. When Grayson left Gotham and met Koriand'r, Babs found comfort in the arms of young. The relationship failed and the appointment was canceled. Birds of prey in a cartoon, the two come together on a mission. However, this does not last as Babs pushes him out of his life once again in favor of Grayson.
After all this, his one true love remains Dick Grayson. The engagement ring is still in the chain from his neck, as his memories of love, youth and old, look into their hearts.
Powers
martial arts
According to the biography fictitious character, Barbara Gordon has taken many courses in self-defense in the judo and karate, brown belt winner before his tenure as Batgirl and described as an athlete "star". After the events of The Killing Joke, Barbara Gordon continued to train in martial arts such as Oracle, despite the paralysis from the waist to feet. It has extensive expertise with the fight against Eskrima sticks, firearms and light Batarang, which usually takes two sticks stored in Eskrima the armrests of his wheelchair for any eventuality. Those capable of owning and Deadman are able to forget his paralysis and to run and fight like a normal person but when you leave your body to its irreversible paralysis.
Technology Skills
Before the race of the character as a supervisor, Barbara Gordon developed many skills in technology, including a thorough knowledge of computer and electronic products, and have the expertise of like a hacker, and postgraduate degree in Library Science. Gordon is also written as having a genius level intelligence and, of course, which a photographic memory. As Batman Barbara Gordon, originally used a variety of hardware and gadgets at their adventures Batgirl. These include an infrared scanner integrated into the fairing costume, several arms-inspired beats, and the cycle of "Batgirl. According to Gail Simone, Oracle retains control of the twelve high-tech satellites that have been created by Lex Luthor during his tenure as President of the United States.
information broker
Oracle puts its expertise and knowledge available to most of the heroes of the DC universe. She is a skilled hacker, able to retrieve and transmit information by satellite bathroom private military, government records, and properties of Lex Luthor. Batman himself a genius with a broad base of knowledge and access to information resources extensive consultation Oracle routine using.
In other media
Main article: Barbara Gordon in other media
Since the inception of the character in 1966, Barbara Gordon has adapted television series and live Batman and birds of prey, and the animated television series Batman: The Animated Series, The New Adventures Batman Batman and his alter ego as Batgirl and Oracle. Barbara Gordon was also the inspiration for the version of Batgirl played by actress Alicia Silverstone live action film Batman and Robin.
TV
Yvonne Craig as Batgirl.
When the Batman TV series of the 1960s attempted renew the program for a third season, DC editor Julius Schwartz with artist Carmine Infantino has created the "new" express request Gordont Batgirlarbara television producer William Dozier. In addition to the middle of Batgirl comic was inspired to combine with the television program to put public women. Batgirl Yvonne Craig played the hero after a period of seven minutes before the promotional ABC television. Although adding Yvonne Craig division has managed to renew the program for a third season, he did not save the series from cancellation. In 1972, three years after Batman television series ended, Craig appeared again as Batgirl in a public service announcement for the U.S. Department of Labor advocates equality pay. In an interview with the magazine Femme Fatales (1998), Craig describes his experience of playing the comic icon as one of their best experiences. According to Craig, his role as Batgirl remains a symbol of the emancipation of women.
I meet young women who say Batgirl was his model … They say it because it was the first time ever felt the girls can do the same things that children could do and better times. I think beautiful.
In 2002, Warner Bros. Television produced the series Birds of Prey, loosely based on the cartoon series of the same name. Dina Meyer became the first actor to portray Barbara Gordon as Oracle. The series follows Barbara's origins, but with several important differences, as Barbara with daughter Helen Bruce Wayne after the death and disappearance of Catwoman in Batman. Contrary to previous interpretations, Barbara is a librarian, not a designer of the computer, but a secondary school teacher.
Animation
Barbara Gordon made her debut as Batgirl in animated series Filmation animated Batman with Robin the Boy Wonder (originally known as the Batman / Superman Hour), which originally aired on CBS in 1968. Batgirl also played a supporting role in the new adventures of Batman, also produced by Filmation and aired on CBS in 1977. She was the voice of Melendy Britt.
Batgirl in Batman: The Animated Series.
During the 1990s – after the Batman franchise has undergone a renaissance thanks to the commercial success Batman Tim Burton – Barbara Gordon has been adapted into a series of cartoons produced by Warner Bros. Television Animation collectively known as Bruce Timm and Paul Dini DC animated universe. This series of animation programs started with Batman: The Animated Series, the first on Fox in 1992, first the voice of Melissa Gilbert. Barbara Gordon in this continuity, makes his first appearance in the episode of the second part of "Heart of Steel". In addition, to build anticipation adoption hearing identity Batgirl, Barbara subsequent appearances this season that do not mention this inclination. The Next season, Gordon became Batgirl in the final episode of the second part "Shadow of the Bat" (1993). In the third appearance of the character, Barbara Gordon has played a role in ending the series "The return of Batgirl" (1994). After the launch of the network and the World Bank at the request Warner Bros. Entertainment, Batgirl was given a role in calling the new adventures of Batman, the voice of Tara Strong (1997), where he had a relationship with Nightwing, and also made a brief appearance in the episode "Justice League 2002" Wild Time ", kissing Dick Grayson.
In 1999, World Bank released the animated series Batman Beyond ", which is consistent with the DCAU continuity, however, represents a future in which Bruce Wayne has retired as Batman. The largest of Barbara Gordon in the series also drew Batgirl character and serves as chief Gotham City Police and married to Attorney of Gotham District, Sam Young. They say he has retired after being shot with a machine gun Batgirl, the more likely a reference to comics when the Joker shot her in the back, paralysis and the end of his career fight against crime. Unlike his father, Barbara did not have any desire to work with the new Batman, Terry McGinnis, which sometimes leads to friction in their activities overlap negatively. They collaborate on some time, however, eventually meet Terry. It was also suggested that she and Bruce had a romantic relationship in the past.
Although not cease until the end DCAU Justice League in 2006, Warner Bros. Animation has launched a new animated series titled The Batman in 2004 and created its own continuity. Barbara Gordon was introduced as Batgirl in the second episode "Batgirl Begins" (2005). Because Robin is used in the animated series Teen Titans, Barbara was presented to him as an assistant in an unofficial role. Robin presents the following season as a fellow officer while Batman Barabra play a secondary role. This series also marked the animation debut of Barbara Gordon as Oracle with futuristic episode "artifacts" (2007).
Gaming
It appears in LEGO Batman for PC, PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, Wii, Nintendo DS and PlayStation Portable. It also appears (and Oracle) in Batman: Arkham Asylum for PC, PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360, but only his voice can be heard in the game, where it serves as a guide through Batman Arkham, and is the voice of Kimberly Brooks.
Editions collection and novels Standings
Showcase Presents: Batgirl, Vol. ISBN 1401213677 1 includes the first appearances Batgirl (19,671,975) (Release date: 2007) Paperback
Batman Batgirl (1997) ISBN 978-1563893056
Batman: The Killing Joke (1988) ISBN 0930289455
Batman: ISBN 1563894246 Thrillkiller, gathers Thrillkiller: Batgirl and Robin and the special 62 (1998)
Supergirl best: Elseworlds's & Batgirl (1998)
Birds of Prey (1999) ISBN 156389484X
Birds of Prey: Old Friends, new enemies (2003) ISBN 1563899396
Batgirl: One year (2003) ISBN 140120080X
Birds of Prey: the mind (2004) ISBN 140120192X
Birds of Prey: Sensei and students (2005) ISBN 1401204341
Birds of Prey: Between Dark & Dawn (2006) ISBN 1401209408
Birds of Prey: The Battle Within (2006) ISBN 978-1401210960
Birds of Prey: Perfect Pitch (2007) ISBN 1401211917
Birds of Prey: Blood and Circuits (2007) ISBN 9781401213718
See also
Other versions of Barbara Gordon
List of fictional pirates
Notes
Abc ^ Arant, Wendi, Candace Benefiel (2002). The image and role of the librarian. Haworth Press. pp. 7778. ISBN 0789020998. http://books.google.com/books?id=RXsa43PYarQC.
^ MacPherson, Don (2003). "Criticism on Infinite Earths. Http://www.thefourthrail.com/reviews/critiques/121602/batgirlyearone1.shtml. Retrieved 19/12/2007.
^ ab "Yvonne Craig as Batgirl in a public announcement for the U.S. Department of Labor." 1972. Http: / / www.yvonnecraig.com / Up_close_tv.php. Retrieved 14/10/2007.
^ Daniels, Les (2004). Batman: The Complete History. Chronicle Books. pp. 113. ISBN 0811842320. http://books.google.com/books?id=73wknu2cVIkC.
^ ab "Batgirl Promotional Short. 1967. Http: / / www.tvobscurities.com / articles / batgirl.php. Retrieved 11/09/2007.
Ab ^ Daniels, Les (1995). DC Comics: Sixty Years of the popular comic strip hero favorites. Bulfinch. pp. 141. ISBN 0-8212-2076-4.
^ Fitzgerald, Michael (2007). "INFANTINO Carmine: FOR decades, DC and beyond. "Http: / / www.wizarduniverse.com/magazine/wizard/004812442.cfm. Retrieved on 2007-11-23.
^ Fox, Gardner (1967). Detective Comics # 359. DC Comics.
^ Detective # 417. DC Comics. 1971.
^ Fred Grandinetti. "Kathy Kane Remember: The first Batgirl. Newsarama. Http://www.newsarama.com/dcnew/Batwoman/BatwomanHistory.htm. Retrieved 19/09/2007.
^ Ali, Don (2002). "Mini-interview". http://www.donaly.com/celebrity_gossip_C15.html. Retrieved on 2007-09-11.
^ Detective # 363. DC Comics. 1967.
^ Detective # 369. DC Comics. 1967.
^ Detective # 371. DC Comics. 1968.
^ Sanderson, Peter (2007). "Comics In Context # 67: Cats can catch. "Http: / / comics.ign.com/articles/595/595646p7.html. Retrieved 22/11/2007.
Ab ^ Fox, Gardner (1968). Justice League of America # 60. DC Comics.
^ Bates, Cary (1968). World's Finest Comics # 176. DC Comics.
^ Haney, Bob (1968). The Brave and the Bold # 78. DC Comics.
Ab ^ Bates, Cary (1969). Action Comics # 381. DC Comics.
^ Maggin, Elliot (1975). Superman # 268. DC Comics.
^ Maggin, Elliot (1975). Order No one family. DC Comics.
^ Reed, David (1978). Batman Family # 20. DC Comics.
Ab ^ Randall, Barbara (1988). Batgirl Special # 1. DC Comics.
Ab ^ Moore, Alan (1988). Batman: The Killing Joke. DC Comics. ISBN 978-0930289454.
^ Rosenbaum, Itai (2007). "Behind the panels # 5 – The Killing Joke". Www.comicsbulletin.com. Http: / / www.comicsbulletin.com/news/story.php?a=4407. Retrieved 24/11/2007.
^ D'Orazio, Valerie (2007). "Oh you like women? Here's Cookie! Good job! ". Occasionalsuperheroine.blogspot.com. Http: / / occasionalsuperheroine.blogspot.com/2007/08/oh-you-like-woman-here-is-cookie-good.html. Retrieved on 11/12/2007.
^ Hudson, Laura (2007). "The Killing Joke:" This is not for women? "WTF". Myriadissues.blogspot.com. http://myriadissues.blogspot.com/2007/08/killing-joke-not-for-women-wtf.html. Retrieved on 11/12/2007.
Ab ^ Cronin, Brian (2007). "A Guide (perhaps unnecessary) training Oracle over the years. "http://goodcomics.comicbookresources.com/2007/02/15/a-perhaps-unnecessary-guide-to-oracles-formative-years. This document comes on 2007-09-11.
^ Ostrander, John (2007). Suicide Squad (vol. 1) # 23. DC Comics. ISBN 1401214916. http://www.dccomics.com/graphic_novels/?gn=8207.
^ Eye, Dennis (1993). Batman: Sword of Azrael # 1. DC Comics. ISBN 978-1563891007.
^ Dixon, Chuck, Chuck Dixon Gorfinkey Jordan, (1996). Black Canary / Oracle: Birds of Prey. DC Comics. ISBN 156389484X.
^ Contino, Jennifer (2006). "Interview with Gail Simone." Comics Mania. http://www.mania.com/53133.html. Retrieved 12/09/2007.
^ Pisani, Joseph (2006). "The superhero's most intelligent." BusinessWeek. http://images.businessweek.com/ss/06/05/smart_heroes/index_01.htm. Retrieved 25/11/2007.
^ Khouri, Andy (2007). "CCI: DC Group Therapy. http://www.comicbookresources.com/news/newsitem.cgi?id=11343. Accessed on 2007-11-23.
^ Http: / / www.comicsbulletin.com/
Ab ^ Tate, Ray (31/12/2000). "Knight LINE OF FIRE REVIEW: Batman Gotham # 12. "Http://www.comicsbulletin.com/reviews/97832472765596.htm. Accessed on 25/11/2007.
^ The Life and Times of Barbara Gordon
Johnson ^ Dave (2006). Alex Ross: DAR Batwoman his eyes. " Newsarama. http://www.newsarama.com/dcnew/52/Batwoman/BatwomanRoss.html. Accessed 12/09/2007.
^ Johns, Geoff, Geoff Johns (Author), Grant Morrison (Author), Greg Rucka (Author), Mark Waid (Author), Keith Giffen (Illustrator) JG Jones (Illustrator) (2007). Infinite Crisis. DC Comics. ISBN 978-1401213534. http://www.dccomics.com/graphic_novels/?gn=7125.
^ Jordan, Justin (2005). WW PHILLY: The crisis counseling Dan DiDio: DC jumps a year in the future. "Http: / / www.comicbookresources.com/?page=article&id=5129. Retrieved on 10/01/2009.
Ab ^ Yarbrough, Beau (1999). Heroes of the West "in Oracle Ostrander, Martian Manhunter and Marvel. Resources comics. http://www.comicbookresources.com/columns/index.cgi?article=326. Retrieved on 2007-11-22.
^ South, James B. (2004). Barbara Gordon "." Morris, Tom. Superheroes and philosophy. Chicago: the open court. pp. 89-101. ISBN 0-8126-9573-9.
^ Bates, Cary (1967). Most Beautiful World Comics # 169. DC Comics.
Detective Comics # ^ 424. DC Comics. 1972.
^ The Amazing Adventures of Superman # 268. DC Comics. 1973.
^ Batman Family # 10. DC Comics. 1977.
^ Wolfman, Marv (1985). Crisis on Infinite Earths. DC Comics. ISBN 1-56389-750-4.
Wolfman ^, Marv (1985). Crisis on Infinite Earths. DC Comics. pp. 215. ISBN 1-56389-750-4.
Abc ^ Randal, Barbara (1987). Secret Origins # 20 and the Golden Age Batgirl Dr. Nite half. DC Comics.
^ The Batman Chronicles # 5. DC Comics. 1996.
^ Shiner, Lewis (1993). Hacker files. DC Comics.
^ Dixon, Chuck, Scott Beatty, Chuck Dixon (2003). Batgirl: Year One. DC Comics. ISBN 978-1401200800.
^ Dixon, Chuck (1996). Black Canary / Oracle: Birds of Prey. DC Comics.
^ Dixon, Chuck (2003). Nightwing: Hunt for Oracle. DC Comics. ISBN 978-1563899409.
^ Brubaker, Ed, Bill Willingham (2004). Batman: War Games. DC Comics. ISBN 1401204317.
^ Simone, Gail (2005). Birds of Prey: Between dusk and dawn. DC Comics. ISBN 1401209408.
^ Simone, Gail (2005). Birds of Prey: The Battle Within. DC Comics. ISBN 978-1401210960.
^ Johns, Geoff, Phil Jimenez, George Pérez, Jerry Ordway, Ivan Reis, Andy Lanning (2005). Infinite Crisis. DC Comics. ISBN 978-1401209599.
^ Andreyko, Marc (2007). Nightwing Annual 2. DC Comics.
^ Simone, Gail (2007). Birds of Prey: Blood and Circuits. DC Comics. ISBN 978-1401213718.
^ Simone, Gail (2007). Birds of Prey: Whitewater. DC Comics.
^ Dini, Paul, Paul Dini, Sean McKeever (2007). Countdown # 39. DC Comics.
^ Johns, Geoff, Jeff Katz (2007). The all-new Booster Gold # 5. DC Comics.
^ "Gold Booster new No. 5." DC Comics. 2007. http://www.dccomics.com/comics/?cm=8496. Accessed on 13/01/2008.
^ Birds of Prey # 127
^ Oracle: The Cure # 1
^ Oracle: The Cure # 2
^ Oracle: The Cure # 3
Batgirl January 2009 # ^
Batgirl # ^ March 2009
^ Batgirl Vol. 2 # 5
^ Batgirl Vol. 2 # 6
The darkest night ^ # 2
^ The darkest night: Batman # 2
^ Titans # 11 (2009)
Ab ^ Peterson, Scott (1994). Showcasing some knowledge 94 # 12. DC Comics.
^ Brady, Matt (2007). "THE FILES AND SIMONE birds of prey – updated. "Www.newsarama.com. Http://forum.newsarama.com/showthread.php?t=98825. Retrieved on 2007-12-19.
Simone ^, Gail (2006). Birds of Prey # 80. DC Comics.
^ Sherman, Stanford (09/14/1967). "Enter Batgirl Exit Penguin." Batman. www.tv.com. http://www.tv.com/batman-1966/enter-batgirl-exit-penguin/episode/6903/summary.html. Retrieved 2/1/2008.
^ Armus, Kay Foster, Adam (27/11/2002). Lady Shiva. Birds of Prey. www.tv.com. http://www.tv.com/birds-of-prey/lady-shiva/episode/194250/summary.html. Accessed on 02/01/2008.
Ab ^ Reaves, Brynne (13/09/1993). "Shadow of the Bat." Batman: The Animated Series. Www.tv.com. Http://www.tv.com/batman-the-animated-series/shadow-of-the-bat-part-1-of -2/episode/72331/summary.html. Accessed on 02/01/2008.
^ Dini, Paul (09/13/1997). Knights Holiday. "The New Batman Adventures. Www.tv.com. Http://www.tv.com//holiday-knights/episode/115343/summary.html. Accessed on 02/01/2008.
Ab ^ Jelenic, Michael (09/17/2005). "Batgirl begins." The Batman. www.tv.com. http://www.tv.com/the-batman/batgirl-begins-1/episode/416142/summary.html. Accessed on 02/01/2008.
^ McNeill, Dustin (2005). "Review of Batman & Robin." http://www.dvdactive.com/reviews/dvd/batman-and-robin.html?page=2. Retrieved 14/10/2007.
^ Brooker, Will (2001). Batman Unmasked: Analysing a cultural icon. Continuum International Publishing Group. pp. 187. ISBN 0826413439.
Ab ^ Schiff, Laura (1998). "Interview with Yvonne." Http://yvonnecraig.com/up_close_interviews.php. Retrieved on 2007-11-30.
^ Laeta Kalogridis (27/11/2002). "Pilot". Birds of Prey. www.tv.com. http://www.tv.com/birds-of-prey/pilot/episode/158475/summary.html. Accessed on 02/01/2008.
^ "The Batman / Superman Hour". 1968. Http: / / www.imdb.com/title/tt0062544/. Accessed 20/12/2007.
^ "Pest". News Adventures of Batman. www.tv.com. 10/02/1977. http://www.tv.com/the-new-adventures-of-batman/the-pest/episode/194782/summary.html. Accessed on 02/01/2008.
^ Reaves Brynne (11/16/1992). "Heart of Steel". Batman: The Animated Series. www.tv.com. http://www.tv.com/batman-the-animated-series/heart-of-steel-part-1-of-2/episode/69011/summary.html. Accessed on 02/01/2008.
^ Reaves, Michael Reaves Brynne Chandler (12/11/1994). "The return of Batgirl. He had a sexual attraction to Dick Grayson / Robin. The New Adventures of Batman and Robin. www.tv.com. http://www.tv.com/justice-league-unlimited/the-savage-time-3/episode/166100/summary.html. Accessed on 02/01/2008.
^ Nolen-Weathington, Eric (2004). Modern Teachers Volume 3: Bruce Timm. TwoMorrows Publishing. pp. 58. ISBN 1893905306.
^ Berkowitz, Stan (11/09/2002). »Weather wild. "Justice League. www.tv.com. http://www.tv.com/justice-league-unlimited/the-savage-time-3/episode/166100/summary.html. Accessed on 02/01 / 2008.
Berkowitz ^ Stan (10/01/1999). "Rebirth Part 2. "Batman Beyond. Www.tv.com. Http: / / www.tv.com/batman-beyond/rebirth-2/episode/44985/summary.html. Accessed 02/01/2008.
^ Weisman, Greg (02/03/2007). "Artefacts". The Batman. www.tv.com. http://www.tv.com//artifacts/episode/869514/summary.html. Accessed 02/01/2008.
^ Game Informer features a two-page gallery of many heroes and villains in the game with a picture for each character and a descriptive paragraph. View LEGO Batman ": Gallery of characters" Tell Thurs 186 (October 2008): 92.
References
Daniels, Les. Batman: The Complete History. Chronicle Books, 2004. ISBN 0811842320
Daniels, Les. DC Comics: Sixty Years of favorite cartoon heroes in the world. Bulfinch, 1995. ISBN 0-821-22076-4
Arant, Wendi. Benefiel, Candace. The image and role of the librarian. Haworth Press, 2002. ISBN 0789020998
Brooker, Will. Batman Unmasked: Analysing a cultural icon. Continuum Group International Publishing, 2001. ISBN 0826413439
Nolen-Weathington, Eric. Modern Masters Volume 3: Bruce Timm. TwoMorrows Publishing, 2004. ISBN 1893905306
References
Barbara Gordon in the DC-based projects
Barbara Gordon at the Grand Comics Database
Batgirl (Barbara Gordon) in the comic DB
Barbara Gordon (Post-Crisis) in the comic DB
Oracle (Barbara Gordon) in the DB Comics
Barbara Gordon at the Internet Movie Database
Batgirl in Internet Movie Database
Oracle on the Internet Movie Database
Canarynoir: Home Watching Birds – Birds of Prey
TVObscurities.com – short promotion Batgirl
Barbara Gordon in Batman
Yvonne Craig as Batgirl in a public service announcement from the U.S. Labor Department
EV
Order
Creators
Creators Bob Kane Bill Finger another
Characters
Alfred Pennyworth Commissioner James Gordon Harvey Bullock Lucius Fox Renee Montoya Talia al Ghul Vicki Vale Crispus Allen
Batman Family
names shared key
Robin Red Robin Batgirl Batgirl Nightwing Azrael Huntress
individual characters
Ace the Bat-Mite Helena Bertinelli Bat-Hound Stephanie Brown Cassandra Cain Catwoman Dick Grayson, Tim Drake Barbara Gordon Kane Jason Todd Betty Helena Wayne Damian Wayne
Family enemies Order
Bane Catwoman Clayface Harley Quinn Joker Killer Crocodile Mad Hatter Man-Bat Mr. Freeze Penguin Poison Ivy Ra al Ghul Riddler Scarecrow Two-Face
Places
Gotham City Arkham Asylum Prison Batcave Gotham City Business Blackgate Police Wayne Wayne Manor Bldhaven
Team
Batcomputer Batarang Batsuit (Utility Belt) Bat-Signal
Vehicles
Cardinal Batcopter Batcycle Batplane Batboat Batmobile
Collection
Publications (Detective Comics Batman) stories
Other versions of alternative versions Batman Robin alternative versions of Barbara Gordon
See also: Batman in other media Robin in other media in other media Barbara Gordon
EV
Batman TV series 19661968
Characters adapted
for series
Alfred Archer Batgirl / Barbara Gordon, Batman / Catwoman Bruce Wayne King Aunt Harriet Cooper clock face False Commissioner James Gordon The Green Hornet Kato The Joker Mad Hatter Crazy Penguin Mr. Freeze The Riddler The Riddler Robin Grayson Dick /
Character
for series
King Tut Egghead Chief O'Hara
The vehicles and equipment
Batmobile Batsuit Bat Batcopter Batboat phone Batcycle Batcomputer
In localities history
Gotham City Batcave Wayne Manor Londinium
Related Topics
Entertainment
Legends Superheroes: The New Adventures of Batman Return to the Batcave: The Misadventures of Adam and Burt The Green Hornet
Movies
Batman (1966 film)
Music
Batman Theme "
Playlists
Episodes (List) List of members of the Batman TV cast
Other
Batusi
See also: Joker Batman franchise media appearances in other media Robin in other media Barbara Gordon in other media
Category: 1967 comics debut | created by Gardner Fox DC Comics artists | Martial | DC Comics Super Heroes | Adopted fiction | detectives Fiction | Fiction Pirates | Librarians lawyers fiction | fiction | Fiction professorsHidden categories: | Character pop Converting comics character InfoBox | Vague or ambiguous time About the Author

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Yesterday, the Chief's wife, and my boss, I asked my colleague if he had heard of "Mammy Yokum." The two cons-heart says yes, then she told us. "Well, Mammy Yokum I am of this company and spoke mine "(For those of you who do not know, Mammy Yokum was the" queen "in the band old Dogpatch cartoon.) These assertions authority began to happen to me. We understand that she is the queen bee, but she feels she has to make it known on a daily means actually degrading. Both my colleague and I are professionals in higher education and do not think it should be treated this way. It is increasingly difficult to work with her because she has leadership experience little or no in a business environment, but what we do and like her, the wife of the CEO? We're just a small company with 20 employees. Sorry to ask politics, but I'm looking for opinions and advice. Thank you.

Coincidentally, her name is Nancy Pelosi? Try running a bucket of water on it. You know how it is effective in witches.

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Alexei Alexandrovich of Russia

Early
The Alexei Alexandrovich Grand Duke with three of his brothers (from left to right): Alexander, Alexis, Nicholas and Vladimir Tsarevich
The Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich Romanov of Russia was born in St. Petersburg January 14, 1850 (January 4 OS). He was the son the Emperor Alexander II and Empress Maria Alexandrovna. He was the younger brother of Grand Duchess Alexandra Alexandrovna Tsarevich Nikolai Alexandrovich Alexander III of Russia, Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich of Russia and Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia and was the brother of Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia and the Grand Duke Paul Alexandrovich.
Alexei Alexandrovich Grand Duke was appointed to the naval career since childhood. At the age of 7 years received the rank of midshipman. Konstantin Nikolayevich The following year, was appointed as his guardian Posyet. Although the winters were devoted to theoretical studies during the summers he was trained in the Russian warships of the Baltic Fleet stationed in the port St. Petersburg. The training was hard, but gave him the chance to get used to different ships:
In 1860, the yacht for a cruise at Peterhof Shtandart disambiguation Livada [Edit]
Zabava 18611863 on the yacht under the banner of the struggle against Admiral Posyet in the Gulf of Finland and Gulf of Bothnia
In 1864, the frigate Svetlana in the Gulf of Finland and the Baltic Sea
Oslyabya frigate in 1866 during a cruise of a training General in the Azores.
The Alexei Alexandrovich Grand Duke in his youth
September 18, 1866 The Grand Duke Alexei was promoted to lieutenant. He continued his career as a naval officer serving aboard the frigate Alexander Nevsky on a cruise around the Mediterranean to Piraeus, where he attended the wedding of her Olga Konstantinovna cousin.
In 1868, he was traveling in southern Russia to travel by train from St. Petersburg to disambiguation Nikolaevsk [Edit] continues by boat on the Volga to Astrakhan. He then embarked on a military ship for a cruise on the Caspian Sea to Baku, [Petrovna (now Makhachkala) then to Iran. Then he crossed the Caucasus and arrived in Poti, Alexander Nevsky is bound. From there he sailed for Constantinople, Athens and the Azores in the return journey, the frigate was involved in a shipwreck off the coast of Jutland, during a storm in the North Sea. Well that the ship was lost, the crew, including Alexei Alexandrovich was free and could safely reach the shore.
Alexei Alexandrovich In January 1870 came to maturity in accordance with Russian law. The event was characterized by two oaths: the army and the oath of allegiance of the Grand Duchy of the Russian Imperial House. In June 1870, Alexei Alexandrovich began the last part of their training. This included inner blade with a steam engine on the road to St. Petersburg through the system Arkhangelsk Mariinsk Canal and River Dvina. After visiting schools and industrial facilities in Arkhangelsk, where he began his training in navigation conditions on board the Arctic Varyag schooner. Your cruise took him to the Solovetsky Islands, continuing on the White Sea and Barents Sea to Novaya Zemlya. The route Kola Bay and the city Murmansk, in the ports of northern Norway and Iceland. Kronstadt again in late September.
The love affair with Alexandra Zhukovskaya
Alexandra Zhukovskaya
In 1869/1870, Alexei had an affair with Alexandra Zhukovskaya, daughter of the poet Vasily Andreyevich Zhukovsky, who was eight years his senior. They were the parents of a child Alexei, born November 26, 1871. The Tsar Alexander II was strongly opposed to this relationship.
Some historians claim that morganatic marriage and that marriage was annulled by the Russian Orthodox Church, since, according to the "fundamental laws of the imperial house, the marriage illegal. However, sections 183 and 188 prohibit marriages without the consent of the emperor, were included in the basic laws the only criticism in 1887 Tsar Alexander III. The rules apply in 1870 did not prohibit marriages mornaganatic, but simply excluded their descendants succession to the throne. There was no evidence that the marriage or divorce. Nor is there evidence that the Grand Duke has asked permission to marry. As Alexandra Zhukovskaya was not an aristocrat, and also the daughter of an illegitimate child a Russian landowner and a Turkish slave, the marriage would been unthinkable.
Annoyed by the relationship of his son Alexander II had even refused to grant a title Zhukovskaya Alexandra, officially recognized paternity the Grand Duke, but illegitimate. Other European courts have also refused to grant a title. As a last resort, on March 25th, 1875 Alexandra been able to get the title of Baroness Seggiano the Republic of San Marino, with the right to transfer title to his son, Alexis, and the elder of his male descendants. It was not until 1883 that Alexander III, the elder brother of the Grand Duke granted the title Baron Seggiano Belevsky count, and in 1893, adopted its emblem.
U.S. Tour
The board of the frigate Svetlana
U.S. Tour
After visiting St. Petersburg on an official American squadron under the command of Admiral David Farragut in 1867, a high-level visit of the Russian Navy had been planned by the Russian government. After lengthy negotiations, it was decided that the Russian delegation will be led by Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich. The official announcement of the visit took place June 29, 1871 by Nicolas Karlovich Krabbe, Minister of the Imperial Russian Navy.
The Russian fleet, commanded by Admiral Konstantin Nikolayevich Posyet the frigate Svetlana Bogalye including frigates General and Admiral, the cruiser and the gunboat abreks Ignatiev. The Grand Duke was lieutenant Svetlana aboard. Before coming to the United States, the Russian squadron was to be achieved by the frigate Vsadnik the Russian Pacific Fleet. Although all vessels were equipped with steam engines, the team made the trip to America, sailing mainly to avoid the port en route for coal shipments. Except for the Grand Duke's personal staff, the crew included 200 officers and 3,000 sailors. The fleet sailed from Kronstadt, August 20, 1871.
The team stopped first in Copenhagen, where the Grand Duke visited the King Christian IX of Denmark. In the English channel for Russians were greeted by a squadron of the Royal Navy and escorted to Plymouth, where the Grand Duke was greeted by the Duke of Edinburgh Alfredo de Saxe-Coburg. A visit to Balmoral Castle has been planned but was canceled because the prince of Wales was very sick and very worried about Queen Victoria. The Russian fleet sailed from Plymouth on September 26. and, en route to New York, stopped for a few days in Funchal (Madeira), leaving October 9.
The Russian squadron met a U.S. squadron under the command of Vice Admiral Admiral Stephen Clegg Rowan Port of New York to raise their flag on the frigate Congress. Admiral Samuel Phillips Lee, commander of the North Atlantic squadron attended his own flagship, the Severn. The other ships of the squadron were the Iroquois and Kansas, attended by several tugs.
A reception committee was formed in New York, chaired by William Henry Aspinwall. Among the committee members were Moses H. Grinnell, General Irwin McDowell, Theodore Roosevelt, Admiral Lord SW Godon, John Taylor Johnston, Albert Bierstadt, Lloyd Aspinwall, and others. After a brief delay due to bad weather, the Russian fleet anchored in the port of New York November 21 1871, when the Grand Duke was greeted by General John Adams Dix. A military parade was held in the city. The Great Duke then attended a service of thanksgiving in the chapel of Russia.
Reception by President Grant
On November 22, the Grand Duke went to Washington train Special, made available by the railroad from New Jersey and the transportation company. The train had three cars: the "Commissioner" have all the improvements a modern hotel, which includes places and pantry, "Ruby" dining car to accommodate 28 people, with kitchen, coolers, and a kind of warehouse, and "Kearsarge used as sitting, sleeping and reading room.
On 23 November, the Grand Duke was greeted by President Ulysses S. Wife President Grant and Julia Grant's daughter Nellie Grant also attended. Most cabinet members were present at the meeting: Secretary Hamilton Fish of State, Columbus, United States Secretary of the Interior Delano with his wife, Amos Tappan Akerman U.S. Attorney General, with his wife, George S. U.S. Treasury Secretary Boutwell, George Maxwell Robeson United States Navy Secretary General Frederick Dent Tracy (the brother-brother of President and Secretary military), John Creswell Postmaster General of the United States, and General Horace Porter and Orville E. Babcock.
The Grand Duke arrived at 1 am in Katakazi with Minister, Admiral Posyet and other members of his entourage. The President and Cabinet members received them in the blue room where presentations made. The former president accompanied the Grand Duke to the Red Room where he was introduced to the ladies. The interview was lasted only fifteen minutes, after which the Grand Duke left.
The visit has been overshadowed in Washington by President Grant discontent caused by the Russian government's refusal to recall Katacazi Konstantin, Minister Plenipotentiary of Russia to the United States. The full visit to Washington that lasted one day. No entertainment notice was given to Washington for the Grand Duke, but in all the views of other members of royal families from the White House dinner Official had organized. These dinners were held when John Tyler was President Francois d'Orleans, Prince de Joinville, where Abraham Lincoln was Prince Napoleon Joseph Bonaparte and even when Ulysses Grant was Kamehameha V, King of the Sandwich Islands. The night visit to the White House, the Grand Duke and his entourage Katakazi Minister dined at home, the only U.S. officer to be general contractor Porter. Leaving the Grand Duke asked if intended return to Washington. Many expressed the desire to return for a session of Congress, the diplomatic relations uncomfortable because the Minister Katakazi prevented this happening. There was also the expectation of a treaty of military alliance between the U.S. and Russia will be signed during the meeting, but this does not happen.
The next day, the Grand Duke came by train to Annapolis, where he visited the Academy Naval subsequently return to New York.
Farragut in the shrouds of the Hartford at the battle of Mobile Bayr Print> after the painting by William Page, presented Grand Duke Alexei as a gift to Tsar Alexander II
East Coast
In New York, the Grand Duke visited the Brooklyn Navy Yard, Fort Wadsworth and the fortifications Governors Island. He also reviewed the Fire Department in Tompkins Square. A highlight was the boat trip on the Hudson River to visit the United States Military Academy at West Point.
They have organized several bullets in his honor, being more balls of glue in the shipyards and the Academy music. Alexei also attended performances of opera Faust and Mignon Academy of Music. We also went shopping, stopping the AT Stewart and Tiffany stores where to buy jewelry and bronze statues.
On December 2, 1871, a ceremony was held the National Academy of Design, where the Grand Duke was greeted by Samuel FB Morse, William Stoddard, William Page, Albert Bierstadt and other artists. The painting stayed in Farragut of Hartford at the Battle of Mobile Bay by William Page was presented to Grand Duke Alexei as a gift from the citizens of New York for the Tsar Alexander II. General John Adams Dix presented the picture that accompanies the change, with a brief speech in which he expressed the hope that would cement the union that existed between U.S. and Russia. The painting was placed on board the Russian vessel flying the flag for transportation to Russia.
On December 3, 1871, the Grand Duke Alexis went to Philadelphia, where he was received by General George G. Meade and Admiral Turner. Visit the Girard College, Baird Locomotive Works and the Navy Yard. He was particularly interested in the Methodist Hall Horticultural Fair, where the ladies presented an Afghan Hound. .
From December 7 to December 14 Grand Duke Alexei arrested in Boston, Massachusetts, where he remained in the home of Paul Revere. The pram was riding President Lincoln during his visit to Boston, has been prepared for the Grand Duke. He was officially received in the City and the State House. During his stay, the Grand Duke visited Harvard University and the suburbs of Cambridge, Massachusetts, and various public schools in the Boston area, has been largely on the American educational system. Other points of interest were the battle of Bunker Hill and the visit to the shipyards Charlestown, Massachusetts.
The Grand Duke also attended a music festival, where 1,200 school children, composed by the great choir. During the festival, a great advance Friendly, specially composed by Julius Eichberg and is dedicated to His Imperial Highness, has been introduced
A dance in honor of Grand Duke took place in the theater in Boston. The audit of expenditure shows that the cost of the bullet was $ 14,678.58 (equivalent to $ 750,000 today) only $ 8916.29 will be covered by selling tickets and other income
Diversion in Canada
On December 17, the Grand Duke came by train to Canada. First When I stopped in Montreal, where breakfast with the mayor of the city and then visited Lachine, Quebec, then moved to Ottawa and Toronto finally arriving at Clifton Hill (Niagara Falls), December 22, 1871 by the Great Western Railway. En route, the train stopped in Hamilton, Ontario where he received a telegram from the Queen Victoria, notifying him that the Prince of Wales has recovered from his illness. Clifton Hill to the left of sleds for a visit in Niagara Falls. Having dressed in costumes of oil from the skin for fishermen at sea, the party also went under the falls. The Grand Duke and crosses the Niagara River bridge again suspended and then visited the United States cataracts.
cartoons of the buffalo hunt of the Grand Duke
Visit Midwest
On December 23, Grand Duke Alexei left by train Buffalo, New York, where he spent Christmas. On Christmas Day, he went to the Opera to see the British Parepa Rosa Opera Company. After the representation sent to the soprano Rosa Eufrosina Parepa-studded bracelet with turquoise and diamonds. On December 26, the Grand Duke came to Cleveland, where he visited the factories of iron and other plants in Newburgh Heights, Ohio. After reviewing the Cleveland Fire Department and visited National Exhibition of inventors. He stopped in Detroit on the way to Chicago, arriving December 30. The city was recovering from a serious fire. Jose Medwill, Mayor of Chicago, the Grand Duke had written:
"We have little to exihibit DBRIS but ruins and a city great and beautiful and indomitable struggle of a people adversity to relieve their pain overwhelming. "
The Grand Duke visited the destroyed part of the city and was impressed by the pace of reconstruction. He gave $ 5,000 (equivalent to $ 250,000 today) in gold for the homeless in Chicago, Illinois. As ironically, the same day, the Grand Duke Alexis came to Chicago, a special Grand Jury indicted thirteen members of the City Common Council disambiguation [edit] on charges of corruption. The Grand Duke Alexei pens and also visited a hog processing plant.
As the House Tremont Hotel has been burnt to land, the Grand Duke remained in the new house Tremont, which opened on Michigan Avenue, where he received the "Freedom of the City." New Year's General Philip Sheridan's Day began in the American custom of making New Year "appeals to women." From 2-4 Grand Duke Alexis visited Milwaukee Wisconsin, January 5 reached St. Louis, Missouri, where he remained for over a week.
St. Louis, Grand Duke Alexis attended a burlesque show Buebeard in which Lydia Thompson, an actress of 36 years, sang a song "If ever I cease to love." It is claimed that the Grand Duke was fascinated by the actress and singing. Supposedly, she has also sung by number of duke for a private appointment. Lydia Thompson was the only woman to capture the attention of the Duke while in St. Louis, Alexei became particularly enamored with one of his dance partners, a woman named Sallie Shannon Lawrence, Kansas.
Finally the January 12 came to Omaha, Nebraska
The bison Great Royal
color print by Louis Maurer (1895)
Travel to the hunting ground
Preparations Hunting was widespread and was conducted under the command of General Joel Palmer. Two companies of infantry wagons, two companies Music cavalry regiment of cavalry, scouts, shepherds of the night, couriers, cooks have been mobilized for the event.
The Grand Duke with General Philip Sheridan, Gen. Edward Ord, and General George Armstrong Custer, who was later chosen to be large Marshal Game, arrived at Fort McPherson, January 13, 1872, by a special train provided by the Pennsylvania Railroad Company. They were greeted by an enthusiastic crowd, directed by William Frederick Cody (Buffalo Bill know-how). After the speeches, the duke determined to hunt.
The Duke and General Sheridan mounted in an open carriage drawn by four horses. William Frederick Cody accompanied the group with five ambulances, a light car, luggage, three cars champagne and real liquors and fifteen to twenty extra saddle horses. A relay of horses was created in Medicine Creek, about halfway on the ground where play stopped for lunch. The journey continued, they called "Camp Alexis" in the Red Willow Creek. The group 2D cavalry was up and listening, "Hail to the Chief" was played at the Grand Duke arrived. The entire trip covered about 50 miles and lasted about eight hours.
The camp consisted of two stores in the hospital (a tent used as a room eat), tents and marquees ten o'clock wall of officials and soldiers. Three tents wall was breached and the Grand Duke was covered with oriental carpets. Sibley stoves Fund established stores.
Cody has reviewed the game with Spotted Tail, the chief of the Lakota Brul, who agreed to meet the boss of all the greats water coming to visit. "Nearly 600 different tribes of Sioux warriors, led by Spotted Tail, War Bonnet, Black Hat, Red Leaf, Whistler and Pawnee Killer, gathered to welcome the Grand Duke in the hunting camp. They had received ten thousand rations of flour, sugar, coffee, and 1,000 pounds of snuff for their problems – Twenty-five cars in total.
At the beginning of the game, Spotted Tail, dressed in a costume that is not hers, with a belt Army back and look extremely delicate was introduced to the Grand Duke. Then, the Indian chief shook hands and welcomed the Grand Duke with the usual "How.
To the delight of Indians Alexei has conducted exercises of horsemanship, the spear and the release of archery. Then there was a simulated battle, showing how the Indian war, ending with a war dance colas. It was noted that the Grand Duke Alexei considerable attention a beautiful young Indian girl. Fearing that his mother, Empress Maria Alexandrovna, you can receive reports of his escapades, he wrote from San Luis: "As for my success with the ladies of America well-written in the newspapers, I can say openly that it is completely absurd. They looked at me from the beginning as they would a wild animal as a pet crocodile or otherwise odd. .
However, a dispute broke out the champagne when the General Custer, probably drunk, was badly stained proposals oil at the bottom of the daughter of 16. Alexei managed to calm the fight with donations of blankets red and green, ivory handled hunting knives and a large bag of silver dollars. A formal council was held in dozens Sheridan and a peace pipe was passed around. Spotted Tail had the opportunity to make its request for the right to hunt freely and South Platte River for more than a warehouse in which trade.
The Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich to kill a buffalo with a pistol at January 15, 1872
Buffalo Hunting
The big game was held on 22th anniversary Grand Duke January 14, 1872. For hunting the Duke wore a jacket and pants heavy gray cloth, trimmed with green buttons bearing the imperial coat of arms of Russia. She wore boots European-style trousers, which was unusual for their hosts Americans. Alexei had a hunting knife in Russia and an American revolver, bearing the coat U.S. and Russia in the round, he has recently received as a gift. The herd of buffalo hunting party came several miles from the Red Willow Creek. The Grand Duke Guillaume uttered his famous horse Cody Buffalo "Buckskin Joe", who had been trained to ride at full gallop with a goal of ensuring that the best opportunity could be done. Once a herd of buffalo was observed, about two miles away, Alexei wanted to pay, but has been reduced by William Cody. The group moved to wind and slowly approached the herd. A few hundred meters from the Buffalo fleeing, not the Grand Duke, the usual drawn from a galloping horse, drawn, but missed. Cody Alexei mounted on the near side, gave his own .48 caliber rifle famous, "Lucretia", with each claiming to have killed 4,200 buffaloes and advised him not to fire until it is on the side bison. When Alexei tried again, he dropped his match. The skin of a dead buffalo was carefully removed and dress, the Grand Duke took home as a souvenir their hunting activities in the western plains. Twenty to thirty animals died on first day of hunting. The party returns to the beginning of camp, which had a liberal supply of champagne and other beverages, and afternoon was spent in the style of the border.
The next morning, Spotted Tail asked Two fighter next to Lance, head of the Lakota Sioux tribe, so he can see a demonstration of how the Indian hunting. Overlooking a herd Buffalo, Shoots Two evidence the ability to kill a large animal with an arrow passing completely through the body of the buffalo running. Arrow is stored and delivered to Alexis. The Grand Duke killed two buffalo, one of them at 100 paces with a pistol.
During the game, returned to Fort McPherson, General proposed that William Sheridan Cody take charge and show the old style stage Alexei drive through the plains with galloping horses. The ambulance limited by heavy rough grassland, while the occupants could hardly keep their seats. The Grand Duke Alexei was happy with his hunting trip. When he and Cody have been separated at Fort McPherson, Cody presented linking a costly fur coat and cuff.
The Duke Alexei Alexandrovich Grand and General George Armstrong Custer in Topeka, at the end of the buffalo hunt
From there, the train continued to Denver where the Grand Duke arrived on January 17. While in Denver, attended a ball hosted by the Pioneer Club fees and visited some mines. Alexei apparently liked the new sport that had just learned and hunted bison again near Colorado Springs, on his return from Denver to Kansas to St. Louis. But without horses used for hunting in eastern Colorado cavalry and horses used for hunting buffalo and several were injured during the resulting confusion. Alexei was wounded and managed to kill up to 25 buffaloes. Even a shot just over the train on its way into the west Kansas in Topeka, which was concluded on January 22. He argues that when he arrived in St. Louis, the supply part of caviar and champagne has been exhausted.
General Custer has become one of the best friends of Duke. He accompanied the Duke and his entourage through Kansas St. Louis, New Orleans, and finally to Florida. They continued to correspond with them to death Custer.
In the U.S., hunting is in the memories as "The Great Royal Buffalo Hunt." Since 2000, Hayes Center, Nebraska organizes each year, the Grand Duke Alexis Rendezvous ", a reconstruction of Buffalo hunt.
The Grand Duke Alexei received as a gift of Chief Spotted Tail Wigman an Indian and a bow and arrows. The Grand Duke has returned to St. Petersburg. It is now in the Museum of Tver. In memory of his adventures in the Americas region, the Grand Duke holds an annual emission special. The actors came from a village of shops in the old carriages pulled by heavy horses. The Lake Palace was "Indian canoes. Men with swords and axes were dancing with women wearing long skirts age. The benefits are assisted by an image of the old American West.
Southern States
In St. Louis, the Grand Duke made a brief visit to Cincinnati, Ohio January 26 January 28 took the train for Louisville, Kentucky, where he visited Mammoth Cave continued their journey by boat, arriving on February 2, 1872 in Memphis, Tennessee on board the Grand Republic. After visiting the city he left on February 8 on James Howard and after a stop in Vicksburg, has finally arrived in New Orleans
Poster Rex parade, 1872
Visit New Orleans
In New Orleans Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich attended the Mardi Gras in 1872, where he was the guest of honor to see the first parade Rex.
There are many legends associated with the visit of the Grand Duke of New Orleans. Although it has been argued that entrepreneurs premises provided for the first day parade in honor of Grand Duke, but this was not true. New Orleans was struggling to recover from the aftermath civil war. At the same time, city leaders saw the need to bring order to the street parades of Mardi Gras chaotic. They provided along the parade and took the opportunity to enjoy the visit of Grand Duke. A brotherhood of new cases of prominent citizens has been formed, which is call the School of Design and its decision would be Rex (the organization now known as "Rex Organization). The youth group that founded Organization Rex does not expect only to entertain the Grand Duke, but also to create a parade the day, which is attractive and fun city for citizens and guests. They chose one of its members, Lewis J. Solomon, the organization of fundraising for the first Rex, King of Carnival. Before he could begin his reign had to borrow a crown, scepter, and robe of Lawrence Barrett, a prominent Shakespearean actor Richard III was the scene at the Teatro Variedades.
Meanwhile, Lydia Thompson came to visit New Orleans and the burlesque of Bluebeard was held at the Academy Music of St. Charles Avenue. Rumors of the engagement between the Grand Duke and the actress had arrived in New Orleans and were amplified especially by ensuring a full house. The duke had already seen the performance and no-shows, hanging out at the Jockey Club. In addition, the preferences of the Grand Duke had changed and was fascinated by the diminutive actress Lotta Crabtree was one of the main roles in the play The Little Detective. Although the meeting was brief, Alexis sent a diamond bracelet, opal and pearls in Memphis, his next step after New Orleans.
The Duke attended yet Rex parade. According to legend, the song "If ever I cease to love" has been chosen as the anthem of the parade Rex, it is alleged that his favorite song Duke. In fact, the Silly song was written by George Leybourne and published in London in 1871. The song was very popular in New Orleans, long Rex in the first report in 1872. local adaptation of letters has become probable EC Hancock local journalist whose newspaper had published a parody of the song in 1871. The The letter song was adapted to circumstances and replaced by:
"That the Grand Duke Alexis
Paseo a buffalo in Texas
If you ever stop loving you "
The Grand Duke never ridden a buffalo in Texas, but doesn rhyme Nebraska with Alexis.
It also indicates that the Grand Duke has also received the honor the selection of the official colors of Mardi Gras, and using the heraldic traditions, selected for justice purple, green for faith and power gold. The assertion that these are the colors of the Romanovs, however erroneous.
The parade, attended by the Grand Duke, unlike little to the present day parades. Rex riding a horse, not a float and the parade that followed was composed largely informal and masked demonstrators. But there were bands who stopped and played the national anthem in honor of the Grand Duke of Russia. But many traditions such as the selection of Rex, the King of the Parade, the Rex anthem, the colors of the parade to visit the Grand Duke.
The Russian fleet sailed from Pensacola, Florida, February 22, 1872. It claims hundreds of pounds of frozen buffalo meat were carefully stowed on board.
While Libbie Custer's wife of General Custer believed to be the Grand Duke was more interested in pretty girls and music "that the country was passing, Alexei spend most of their time try to get an understanding of the country.
Well the mission to Japan
The trip to the Far East
On the way back from the Russian squadron First arrested in Havana, Cuba, who arrived Feb. 29. At that time, Cuba was still a Spanish colony in the midst of the war of Ten Years against the insurgents, who had tried to declare the independence of the island. Although the continued fighting in the west of the island against the rebels under the command of Carlos Manuel de csped, hostilities prevented the Governor Blas Villate, Count Valmaseda receive the Grand Duke with honors. During his stay in Havana, the balls are held every evening. Alexei also attended the opera Crispino e COMAR and Martha in the Grand Theatre La Havana, where, early in the piece, the opera chorus sang the national anthem of Russia. The Grand Duke also visited the work Vento Canal (now called Aqueduct Albear) for the supply of city water, I saw a cockfight in the city of Marianao and bullfight in the Plaza Torres "in Havana. In the following days were also Yumurí River Valley and the city of Matanzas
The Russian team then stopped in Rio de Janeiro, where he arrived June 3, 1872. The Grand Duke entertained the Emperor Pedro II of Brazil and the imperial court Svetlana board. Emperor Imperial College gave Braziliam Dom Pedro I. The Grand Duke looked a bit disappointed and said he hoped the Imperial Order Rose, a lower order, because I had never seen a more beautiful object. Pedro II graciously granted two orders. Subsequently, he spent several days Brazil, leaving the June 9.
Sailing to the Far East, the fleet stopped at Cape Town, Jakarta, Singapore, Hong Kong, Guangzhou and Shanghai
Telegram sent by the Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich Tsar Alexander II to confirm the visit of Japanese Emperor
Tour of Japan
On October 15, 1872, the Russian fleet anchored in the port of Nagasaki, where he was received by the Governor. Grand Duke program included a gala dinner in his honor, visiting the surrounding countryside and a better tournament 60 wrestlers from Japan. On October 22, Alexei and his team visited a small town where he lived INASA a Russian colony. The Russian delegation visited two hotels called "Kronstadt" and "Moscow" and the Russian cemetery.
Wing Russian left Nagasaki on October 24, the next port of call in Kobe, where the Grand Duke was again received by the Governor of the province. The Russians was surprised by the jinrikshas they saw for the first time. Used rickshaw water Nunobeki Travel is located in the vicinity of the city. The Grand Duke Alexei also attended a show at the theater in the region of Kobe.
On November 1, the Russian fleet sailed from Yokohama. The Grand Duke was hosted by the Prince Arisugawa Taruhito the Daijō Daijō (Chancellor of the Kingdom), who escorted the Edo Castle. In the castle, he met Alexei Soejima Gaimusho Taneomi Chief (Ministry of Foreign Affairs). who made arrangements for accommodation and entertainment of the Delegation Russian. On November 5th, the Grand Duke was officially received by Emperor Meiji.
The Meiji Emperor, presented his portrait of a gift the emperor, for the first time the portrait of an emperor of Japan was given to a stranger, and requested a portrait of Alexander He in return. The Great Prince Alexeis promised to send the picture after his return to St. Petersburg, and when he arrived aboard the Svetlana sent his own portrait to thank the Mikado. The exchange constant and the next day the emperor sent the photos of his wife and mother.
The Alexei November 9 and saw the parade of Mikado Japanese armed forces, and his return to the palace, which was presented to the Empress Masako. After a few days, the Mikado, at the invitation of Grand Duke The Mikado went to Yokohama to see the Russian squadron. Following the intervention of Grand Duke, 34 Japanese Christians were pardoned and released by the Mikado.
On November 26 the Russian fleet sailed to Vladivostok reach basis of the Russian Pacific Fleet, Dec. 5, almost a year and a half after leaving Kronstadt. He then returned to St. Petersburg through Siberia
Palace of Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich Moika Embankment in St. Petersburg
Alexei Alexandrovich Palace of Grand Duke
After his return from America, Grand Duke Alexei was concerned about a suitable residence. He bought an old building located at 122 River St. Petersburg Moika embankment. The building has been completely redesigned and rebuilt by the architect Maximilian Messmacher with a total area of 9200 square meters is considered as one of the most interesting examples of eclectic architecture of St. Petersburg. The architect uses a different style for each faad. Wrought iron and stone wall surrounding the palace and its gardens is also an interesting feature. The center doors are still adorned with the monogram of Grand Duke the meaning of what has been neglected by Soviet authorities. In 1910, part of the gardens were sold for the construction of a candy factory. Although the palace has been declared a national monument in 1968, remained in disrepair for many years. Today the palace is being major renovation. It will open in December 2008 that the House of Music.
Military Career
The Duke Alexei Alexandrovich Grand generally uniform Russian admiral
In 1873, the Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich was appointed head of the Imperial Guard, Naval. Also was named to the section shipbuilding and marine artillery of the Russian Navy's Technical Committee.
During the Russo-Turkish War (18771878) has been promoted to commander Russian Navy on the Danube. On January 9, 1878, he received the Order of St. George's fourth year "tireless and effective management of the naval forces and equipment Day 14 June 1877 for the construction and maintenance of bridges and boats passing Zimnicea, Pietroani and Nikopol and success measures for protection of these measures destruction by enemy forces. "
In 1880 he was promoted to adjutant general. In 1882, following the accession of Tsar Alexander III on the throne Alexander III, Alexei has been appointed head of the Department of the Navy, in place of Grand Duke Konstantin Nikolayevich. In 1883, he was also appointed Director General of the Admiral of the Imperial Russian fleet. As his grip on the things of everyday life in the military is limited, Alexei is involved in planning military and naval. His influence on the Tsar gives a powerful voice in making policy decisions.
In addition to being the head of the fleet of Russia, Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich also in charge of cadet corps naval regiment Guard Moscow, 37 th Infantry Regiment Ekaterinburg Tenginsk 77-th Infantry Regiment and the Regiment 17 th Infantry Siberia.
As commander in chief of the Navy, the main Grand Duke of concern was the ongoing modernization of its fleet, taking into account the rapid advances in technology. During his tenure, he obtained an increase five times the budget of the Navy. He was able to launch a series of pre-dreadnought battleships that the replacement of old vessels foolproof. This was crucial to the team with Russian warships of various kinds:
Peresviet class, inspired by the HMS Centurion.
Borodino class, based on a conception of French shipyards of La Seyne-sur-Mer
Petropavlovsk class designed Galerniy Yard, St. Petersburg,
The type of Navarino, the Trafalgar class battleship United Kingdom
So he had more class battleship Imperator Aleksandr II rebuilt the patio Fench La Seyne. Also activated new cruisers (including the cruiser Aurora).
The Grand Duke has played a role in the modernization of the Russian navy. rebuilt and expanded military port Sevastopol Alexander III Livada (now Liepja, Latvia) and Port Arthur, the increase in the number of meters from the sea and extended dry-dock at Kronstadt, Vladivostok and Sevastopol. He also reorganized the navy, the modalities of the various naval skills, development of standards for masters degree rewarding long service boat first and second, the restructuring of the engineering corps of the navy and mechanical engineers, increasing the number of officers and crew.
When intensified tensions in the Far East, the Grand Duke Alexei ordered the transfer ships at Port Arthur, which the battleship Petropavlovsk.
Russian academics and Alexei Nikolaevich Krylov naval engineer shows that, despite these achievements, there were serious deficiencies in the activity of the Grand Duke. There is no strategic planning and the ships were not built on the basis its anticipated role in the fleet. There were many ships of various types. The vessels were designed primarily to copy foreign navies, and therefore both technologically 67 years when they started. His armor and equipment was often inadequate.
The Grand Duke seems to have realized the gaps between them. Decided to have more than one type of warships and to ensure the design abroad to meet the needs of the Russian navy. However, although the grand duke was an admirer of the British Navy, the new battleships were designed in France and had a bad design. The new class battleships of the Borodino had tumblehome helmets and were unstable, have a high center of gravity. Disadvantages been fatal for the Russian navy.
With the outbreak of the Russo-Japanese War in 1904 the first Russian Pacific Squadron was able to resist attack Japanese during the Battle of the Yellow Sea. However, the fleet was destroyed during the Battle of Port Arthur and the Baltic Fleet, was sent as reinforcements soundly defeated at the Battle of Tsushima. On June 2, 1905 operating system, the Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich was relieved of his command and retirement.
Life in the Russian court
The Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich and Duchess of Leuchtenburg
His critics talked of life Alexei "as a set of "women of fast and slow boats, referring to his womanizing and the defeat of the Russian Navy from the Japanese. This request is not justified, because despite the drawbacks, its contribution to the modernization of the Russian Navy has been remarkable. Alexei away from your office has devoted his time good things of life. Received with generosity and collection of fine silver and other works of art to decorate his palace. Sometimes, he designed own clothes. A womanizer, he was on holiday in Paris or Biarritz, increasingly accompanied by a different lady.
Around 1880 he began a celebrated romance with the Duchess of Leuchtenburg, the wife of one of morganatic cousins. Born Skobelyeva Zinaida "Zina" was a woman of extraordinary beauty who had married Leuchtenburg Eugeni as his second wife in 1870. Alexander II was the Countess de Beauharnais and Alexander II and rose to Serene Highness the Duchess of Leuchtenburg. The Duke Alexei Alexandrovich Grand was obsessed by it, as he had a relationship open, under the roof of her husband and their informed consent. Eugeni Leuchtenburg drank more of his fortune, and for years he lived on the generosity and Zenaida his cousin. Even after the death of his wife in 1899, the Duke continued to live under the roof of Alexei.
In addition to his military duties, Alexei Alexandrovich Duke has also been chairman of the Commission for the Promotion of Ballet Imperial.
In 1904, the Grand Duke Alexis Alexandrovich was one of the sponsors of Tsarevich Alexei, sponsors the other is the Dowager Empress Maria Feodorovna, the Kaiser Wilhelm II, King Edward VII of England, King Christian IX of Denmark, Grand Duke Ernst Ludwig of Hesse, Princess of Prussia, Crown Victoria, Iosifovna Grand Duchess Alexandra, Grand Duke Michael Nikolaevich, Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna. In addition, all soldiers serving in the army during the Russo-Japanese sponsors have been found to Alexei.
Death
After the murder his brother the Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia in February 1905 and unfortunately retired from the Navy in June of this year, Alexei Alexandrovich spent most of his time in a house he bought in Paris in 1897. At home in the Avenue Gabriel has been to open the door for writers, painters, actors and actresses in particular. He had always been less interested in the armed forces in the art and fashion, and long recognized as an expert the social, artistic and literary Paris. His body mass is a familiar sight in restaurants and theaters, especially in the first night. His last public appearance, a week before his death, was in rehearsal for a new job in vaudeville. Decades of comfort and good living finally taken its toll on the Grand Duke of health. He died of pneumonia in Paris on November 27 (November 14 SO) 1908. His death has devastated the Tsar Nicolas II his nephew, who had claimed that his favorite uncle Alexei. In 2006, the journal of the Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich was found at the National Library Russia, with funding from Yusupov. The magazine, written in English, begins and ends at 1862 in 1907. Has not yet been published.
Culture popular
hunting west of Grand Duke referred to in the movie version of Maverick, with Mel Gibson. In the film, the Duke is pressed, after growing bored with the game thinking he killed an Indian.
It is also described by the novel by Boris Akunin "The Coronation of the last Romanovs (,) Where the character is presented as Georgi Aleksandrovich.
In 1973, Lucky Luke comic The Grand Duke was a Grand Duke of Russia visiting the Wild West.
Notes
abcd .. ^ – - () –
^ Jacques Ferrand – Sovereigns natural offspring and Grand Dukes of Russia in 1762 1910, Paris, 1995
^ Jacques Ferrand – Families lncien COUNTS of the Russian empire, Paris, 1999
^ 1797, the basic law of Tsar Paul I of Russia.
Ab ^ Duminique Stanislaw – The Romanovs and the Republic of San Marino
^ The question resolved. Confirmation of the visit of the Grand Duke to the United States New York Times, June 30, 1871
Grand Duke Alexis ^. His departure America in August out of the Assembly of the fleet in Kronstadt Programme likely. The New York Times, May 16, 1871
The preparations for the Tour of America ^ The Grand Duke. The New York Times, June 19, 1871
^ Alexis Duque. Out of his Imperial Highness Kronstadt. He has command of a squadron Royal. The New York Times, August 21, 1871
^ The imposition of receipt of the Grand Duke Alexis in Plymouth. The English fleet offers him a hello Imperial. The celebration of the Royal Navy Club House. The Duke of Edinburgh has received its first Royal. London's preparations for the reception of the Duke. The New York Times September 18, 1871
^ In the Russian fleet in New York The New York Times, 27 September 1871
^ The Russian Front. Alexis has not yet arrived. Dates Madeira The New York Times October 29, 1871
Reception ^ Official Prince Alexis staff. The New York Times October 4, 1871
^ The reception came from the Grand Duke Alexis. – The New York Times, April 27, 1871
^ Honors for Alexis. Gender Welcome Grand Duke of Russia. The New York Times November 22, 1971
^ Aboard the Mary Powell. Reception of the Grand Duke by the Committee of the New York Times November 21 1871
^ By Mary Powell. Reception Grand Duke the New York Times November 22, 1871
^ The Grand Duke. Leaving New York for the national capital. A special train your service throughout the visit. Enthusiastic reception by the people of Baltimore. safe arrival of visitors to Washington. The New York Times November 23, 1871
Ab ^ White House – Real Visitors, 1908, entitled
^ The Grand Duke pays his respects to the President. – The New York Times November 24, 1871
^ The city of Brooklyn.; Grand Naval Ball. Grand Duke Alexis Awards in the Brooklyn Naval Station, The New York Times November 24, 1871
^ Arriving in this city. The Grand Duke arrives in this city the program deadline for next week. The New York Times November 25, 1871
^ The Grand Duke Visits federal military fortifications. . The New York Times, 25 November 1871
^ A quiet Sunday for the Grand Duke and his party. The New York Times November 27, 1871
^ The Grand Duke. His movements Times yesterday, The New York November 28, 1871
Prince Alexis ^. Yesterday's celebrations in honor of the Grand Duke. The New York Times November 29, 1871
^ How Alexis spent the trip shopping day The New York Times November 30, 1871
Visit the Grand Duke ^. A trip to West Point, New York Times December 2, 1871
^ The New Opera Season York Times December 2, 1871
^ Alexis Duque. How yesterday afternoon that your time and passed. Presentation Admiral Farragut Image The New York Times December 3, 1871
^ The Grand Duke: Philadelphia reception at the New York Times, December 5, 1871
^ The Return of the Grand Duke the New York Times, December 6, 1871
Alexis Duke Boston ^ The New York Times, December 9, 1871
^ Alexis visit the Boston public schools, he asked for statistics, reports and the Rules and Regulations The New York Times December 13, 1871
^ The Russian prince-How he spent his second day in Boston. Data on the Ball The New York Times, December 10, 1871
^ Boston expenditure ball in honor of the Grand Duke, the New York Times, December 20, 1871
^ The Telegraph Breviter New York Times, December 15, 1871
^ The Grand Duke. Breakfast with the Mayor of Montreal, the New York Times, December 16, 1871
^ The Grand Duke. Breakfast with Mayor of Montreal, the New York Times, 16 Decembrie 1871
^ Real party in Niagara Falls. Telegram from Queen Victoria New York Times December 25, 1871
^ Back to the Grand Duke Alexis of Las Nieves Canada future movements of the New York Times, December 23, 1871
^ Progress in the west of the Grand Duke of Russia, the New York Times, December 27, 1871
^ The Grand Duke of Chicago and New Year's Day The New York Times January 4, 1872
^ About the Carnival
^ Abcd Norman E. Saul – Concord and conflict: the United States and Russia, 1867-1914. University of Kansas Press, 1996, ISBN 978-0700607549
^ The Grand Duke Alexis came to Omaha New York Times January 13, 1872
^ Alexis de Grande Duc Hunting
Hunting buffalo ^ by the Grand Duke the New York Times January 14, 1872
^ Ab John Day – hunting Buffalo – Chapter 29 The Red Devils
^ Grand Duke enjoyed Sightseeing Topeka – Topeka-Journal, The, May 21, 2001
^ The Grand Duke Alexis
William F. ^ The Adventures of Cody Cosimo Classics Buffalo Bill, 2005 ISBN978-1596056275
^ Andreas History "of the State of Nebraska
^ The hunt bison Nebraska for the Grand Duke Alexis of Russia in 1872
^ When a Romanov came a huntin 'great Duke Alexis of Russia came to Kansas in 1872 to pursue the buffalo – by Bill Blankenship
^ The Grand Duke Alexis hunt
Walt Sehnert Ab ^ – The Grand Duke Alexis McCook Gazette – Monday, December 31, 2007
^ The Grand Duke Alexis Rendezvous
ABC ^
^ The Grand Duke Alexis. Redeem Cincinnati complementary nature. The New York Times. January 29, 1872
^ The Grand Duke's happening in Louisville, Kentucky New York Times January 28, 1872
^ The Grand Duke Alexis. The New York Times January 30, 1872
Movements Grand Duke Alexis ^ The New York Times. February 2, 1872
^ The Grand Duke Alexis was in Vicksburg yesterday The New York Times February 11, 1872
^ Arrival of the Grand Duke to the Crescent City. The New York Times February 13, 1872
Errol Laborde ^ – Mardi Gras 2 .- History: First Bathurst
↑ History of Mardi Gras in New Orleans
^ Ned Hmard – Nostalgia New Orleans "She was the only daughter Stable Master"
^ Rex King of Carnival
^ Renee Kutcher – Mardi Gras comparsas www.miniature.net
^ New Orleans Know-It-All
^ Discovery of the American West
^ Arrival of Grand Duke Alexis in Havana, the New York Times March 1, 1872
^ Arrival of the Grand Duke and the rest in the dining room Havana State. The New York Times March 1, 1872
^ Cuba: The progress of the war – The New York Times March 3, 1872
^ The Grand Duke Alexis in his Havana-Arrival and welcome The New York Times March 11, 1872
Alexis ^., Stay Grand Duke of Havana – The ball at the palace – A Cock Sunday Wrestling – a trip to Matanzas – the Theatre – A week of celebration. La Bola de Palacio. Trip to Matanzas. In Theatre. A bullfight. The Duke of production. New York Times March 15, 1872
↑ The Alexander Palace Time Machine
^ Brazil – The New York Times, July 23, 1872
^ Arrival of Grand Duke Alexis in the city Cap. – The New York Times August 24, 1872
^ South Africa: Visit of Grand Duke Alexis, "a composition of Cape Town – The New York Times September 6, 1872
^ "The arrival Grand Duke Alexis in Hong Kong. "The New York Times September 18, 1872
^ China: The movements of the Grand Duke Alexis. – The New York Times October 13, 1872
^ China: The Grand Duke Alexis of New York Times, November 16, 1872
Ab ^ State Council of Imperial Russia, 1902
^ Japan: The reception of the Grand Duke Alexis – The New York Times, December 17, 1872
^ .. –
^ Ab
^ Palace of Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich
^ Palace of Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich
^ Pepsi Nunes Evolution Imperial Russian Navy and Grand Dukes 1850-1917 Atlantis Magazine, Vol.2, 2001 NR3-4. 2002, vol.3, no.1
^ Abc Zeepvat, Romanov Autumn, p. 150
^ Zeepvat Abcd, Romanov Autumn, p. 151
^ Russian Romanov
^ ab Van der Kiste, The Romanovs 1818-1959, p. 179
Alexei Alexandrovich Journal ^ Grand Duke
References
Chavchavadze, David. The grand dukes. The Atlantic, 1989. ISBN 0938311115
Ferrand, Jacques, Sovereigns and natural offspring of the Grand Dukes Russia, directory gnalogique 1762 1910: 1995.
Nunes, Pepsi, The Evolution of the Imperial Russian Navy and the Grand Dukes 18,501,917. Atlantis Magazine, Vol.2, Nr34 2001., 2002 Vol.3, No. 1
Van Der Kiste, John. The Romanovs 18,181,959. Sutton Publishing, 1999. ISBN 0-7509-2275-3.
Zeepvat, Charlotte. Romanov autumn. Sutton Publishing, 2000. ISBN 0-7509-2739-9
Ancestry
EV
Ancestors of Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich of Russia

16. Peter III of Russia

8. Paul I of Russia

17. Catherine II of Russia

4. Nicolas I of Russia

18. Eugen Friedrich II, Duke of Wrttemberg

9. Dorothea Sophie Wrttemburg

19. Friederike Dorothea of Brandenburg-Schwedt

2. Alexander II of Russia

20. Frederick William II of Prussia

10. Frederick William III of Prussia

21. Frederika Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt

5. Charlotte of Prussia

22. Charles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz

11. Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz

23. Friederike Caroline Luise of Hesse-Darmstadt

1. Alexei Alexandrovich of Russia

24. Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt

12. Ludwig I of Hesse

25. Zweibrcken Carolina

6. Louis II, Grand Duke of Hesse

26. Georg Wilhelm of Hesse-Darmstadt

13. Louise of Hesse-Darmstadt

27. Louise Leiningen-Heidesheim

3. Marie of Hesse-Darmstadt

28. Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Baden

14. Charles Louis of Baden

29. Karoline Luise of Hesse-Darmstadt

7. Wilhelmine of Baden

30. Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt

15. Amelia of Hesse-Darmstadt

31. Zweibrcken Carolina

EV
Grand Dukes of Russia
1st generation
Alexander Tsarevich Alexei Petrovich Petrovich Paul Petrovitch Peter Petrovich Luzhin Paul Petrovich
2nd generation
Pedro II
3G
Peter III
4th generation
Paul I
Fifth Generation
Nicholas Alexander Grand Duke Constantine Pavlovich I-Grand Duke Mikhail Pavlovich
6th generation
Alexander II Grand Duke Nicolas Nicholaevich Grand Duke Grand Duke Constantine Nicholaevich Nicholaevich Michael
7th generation
Nicolas Alexander Tsarevich Alexei Alexandrovich III Alexandrovich Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich Grand Duke Grand Duke Nicolas Nicolas Konstantinovich Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich Nicolas Nicholaevich Grand Duke Constantine Duke Dmitry Mikhailovich Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich Grand Duke Constantine the Grand Duke Paul Alexandrovich Grand Duke Michael Mikhailovich Viacheslav Mikhailovich Grand Duke George Great Gran Sergei Nicholaevich Pedro Duque Duque Mikhailovich Grand Duke Alexander Mikhailovich Grand Duke Alexei Mikhailovich Grand Duke
Eighth Generation
Nicholas II Alexandrovich Boris Grand Duke Alexander Alexandrovich Grand Duke George Vladimirovich Grand Duke Alexander Vladimirovich Cyril Vladimirovich Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich Grand Duke Duke Duke Andrew Vladimirovich Grand Duke John Gabriel * * Konstantin Konstantinovich Grand Duke Dimitri Pavlovich, Grand Duke
9th generation
Tsarevich Alexei Nikolaevich Grand Duke Vladimir Cyrillovich
10th generation
Grand Duke Michael Pavlovich **
Generation 11
The Grand Duke George Mikhailovich **
* He was born a Grand Duke, but stripped of his title by Alexander III ukase of 1886, which limits the style grand-son in the male line of a czar
** Title granted by the Grand Duke Vladimir Cyrillovich
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